Investigação sorológica de casos subclínicos de leishmaniose tegumentar após um surto em uma localidade endêmica

Abstract

RESUMOInvestigou-se casos subclínicos de leishmaniose tegumentar em um bairro de Maringá-Paraná, pelas reações de imunofluorescência indireta e enzimaimunoensaio. Das 130 amostras analisadas, uma amostra apresentou título 40 e três apresentaram título 20 pela imunofluorescência indireta, enquanto 11 amostras apresentaram-se positivas pela reação de enzimaimunoensaio. Estes dados sugerem a existência de casos subclínicos nesta localidade.Palavras-chaves: Leishmaniose tegumentar. Imunofluorescência indireta. Enzimaimunoensaio. Casos subclínicos. ABSTRACTSubclinical cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis were investigated in a district of Maringá, State of Paraná, by means of the indirect immunofluorescence reaction and enzyme immunoassay. Among the 130 samples analyzed, one presented titer 40 and three presented titer 20 in the indirect immunofluorescence reaction, while 11 samples were positive in the enzyme immunoassay reaction. These data suggest that subclinical cases exist at this locality.

Serological and Molecular Investigation of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Healthy Individuals from an American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis-Endemic Region

“…A previous study identified 11 (8.5%) ELISApositive samples from among 130 healthy individuals living in an endemic region in Maringá city, Paraná (Arraes et al, 2008), which is in agreement with the results presented in this study (19.5%). Some studies identified higher percentages of subclinical cases in the metropolitan area of Recife and the Federal District (67% and 71.8%), respectively (Brito et al, 2008;Sampaio et al, 2009), which the authors attributed to peri-domicile transmission.…”

“…The high ACL endemicity may explain the presence of subclinical forms of the disease in these municipalities. Previous studies have also reported the presence of subclinical cases in municipalities with high ACL endemicity (Arraes et al, 2008;Sampaio et al, 2009).…”

“…The most common clinical manifestations of ACL are single, cutaneous ulcers, which correspond to localized lesions; these may evolve to healing and mucosal disease, which mainly affects the nasal and oral cavities and whose treatment may be difficult (Brasil, 2009;Curti et al, 2009). Despite this, individuals living in endemic regions with no patent ACL-related lesions or scars may test positive for MST and serologically, suggesting a recent or subclinical infection (Nunes et al, 2006;Arraes et al, 2008;Sampaio et al, 2009). This study examined antibodies of the IgG class.…”

“…The disease spectrum includes single, localized, cutaneous ulcers, diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis and mucosal disease. A subclinical or asymptomatic form of this disease has also been observed in individuals living in the ACL-endemic regions (Sampaio et al, 2009;Brito et al, 2008;Arraes et al, 2008).…”

“…Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)-based methods of diagnosis are known to be highly sensitive (Yoneyama et al, 2007) and have been employed in the diagnosis of both clinical and subclinical cases of ACL (Arraes et al, 2008;Szargiki et al, 2009). Previous reports have also confirmed the applicability of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) in the diagnosis of ACL, although it is not routinely used for this purpose (Yoneyama et al, 2007).…”