Detection of Cryptosporidium spp and other intestinal parasites in children with acute diarrhea and severe dehydration in Rio de Janeiro

Carvalho-Costa, Filipe Aníbal; Gonçalves, Alessandra Queiroga; Lassance, Sandra Laranjeira; Albuquerque, Carla Pontes de; Leite, José Paulo Gagliardi; Bóia, Márcio Neves

doi:10.1590/s0037-86822007000300020

Cited by 18 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(4 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Their small size and dispersion in water and the difficulty in efficiently concentrating oocysts from environmental samples while excluding extraneous materials make it difficult to detect protozoa in water by traditional methods, with detection requiring well-trained and experienced personnel (45,47). The biggest problem with identifying protozoa in water supplies is that cultivation from cysts or oocysts is difficult and it is almost impossible to concentrate oocysts from environmental samples while limiting the presence of extraneous materials.…”

Section: Detection Of Protozoa In Water Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The biggest problem with identifying protozoa in water supplies is that cultivation from cysts or oocysts is difficult and it is almost impossible to concentrate oocysts from environmental samples while limiting the presence of extraneous materials. As a result, enteric bacteria are traditionally used as surrogate markers for fecal contamination of water sources (47). However, the development of new assays and methods for the purification and concentration of cysts or oocysts by the use of immunomagnetic separation (IMS) has addressed this problem (375).…”

Section: Detection Of Protozoa In Water Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Species of microsporidia have been identified in various water sources by use of Weber's chromotrope-based stain, with positive samples analyzed by PCR (200). Several authors suggest that molecular techniques are the most promising methods for the sensitive, accurate, and simultaneous detection of waterborne protozoa, with much benefit to the water industry and public health (47,101), compared with conventional staining and microscopy (205,386,387).…”

Section: Detection Of Protozoa In Water Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This includes the development of molecular markers for the detection of outbreaks, for source attribution, and to estimate their contribution to the overall burden of infectious diseases (236,318,426,463). Current opinion suggests that molecular techniques are the most promising methods for the sensitive, accurate, and simultaneous detection of protozoan parasites in comparison to conventional staining and microscopy methods (386,387), with much benefit to the water industry and public health (7,40,47,48,375). Unfortunately, molecular methods can be quite costly and labor-intensive and thus are not used routinely for the detection of parasitic protozoa, even in resource-rich settings (341).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Enteric Protozoa in the Developed World: a Public Health Perspective

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARY Several enteric protozoa cause severe morbidity and mortality in both humans and animals worldwide. In developed settings, enteric protozoa are often ignored as a cause of diarrheal illness due to better hygiene conditions, and as such, very little effort is used toward laboratory diagnosis. Although these protozoa contribute to the high burden of infectious diseases, estimates of their true prevalence are sometimes affected by the lack of sensitive diagnostic techniques to detect them in clinical and environmental specimens. Despite recent advances in the epidemiology, molecular biology, and treatment of protozoan illnesses, gaps in knowledge still exist, requiring further research. There is evidence that climate-related changes will contribute to their burden due to displacement of ecosystems and human and animal populations, increases in atmospheric temperature, flooding and other environmental conditions suitable for transmission, and the need for the reuse of alternative water sources to meet growing population needs. This review discusses the common enteric protozoa from a public health perspective, highlighting their epidemiology, modes of transmission, prevention, and control. It also discusses the potential impact of climate changes on their epidemiology and the issues surrounding waterborne transmission and suggests a multidisciplinary approach to their prevention and control.

show abstract

Section: Detection Of Protozoa In Water Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Detection Of Protozoa In Water Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Detection Of Protozoa In Water Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Enteric Protozoa in the Developed World: a Public Health Perspective

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…B. hominis and E. nana have been reported as common pathogens in cases of acute or chronic diarrhea in immunocompromised patients [1, 2, 6]. For several years, B. hominis and E. nana have been reported to cause gastrointestinal symptoms in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus and those with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blastocystis hominisandEndolimax nanaCo-Infection Resulting in Chronic Diarrhea in an Immunocompetent Male

Shah¹,

Tan²,

Rajan³

et al. 2012

Case Rep Gastroenterol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Blastocystis hominis and Endolimax nana exist as two separate parasitic organisms; however co-infection with the two individual parasites has been well documented. Although often symptomatic in immunocompromised individuals, the pathogenicity of the organisms in immunocompetent subjects causing gastrointestinal symptoms has been debated, with studies revealing mixed results. Clinically, both B. hominis and E. nana infection may result in acute or chronic diarrhea, generalized abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, flatulence and anorexia. We report the case of a 24-year-old immunocompetent male presenting with chronic diarrhea and abdominal pain secondary to B. hominis and E. nana treated with metronidazole, resulting in symptom resolution and eradication of the organisms. Our case illustrates that clinicians should be cognizant of both B. hominis and E. nana infection as a cause of chronic diarrhea in an immunocompetent host. Such awareness will aid in a timely diagnosis and possible parasitic eradication with resolution of gastrointestinal symptoms.

show abstract

Biobehavioral variation in human water needs: How adaptations, early life environments, and the life course affect body water homeostasis

Rosinger

2019

American J Hum Biol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Body water homeostasis is critical for optimal physiological and cognitive function for humans. The majority of research has illustrated the negative biological consequences of failing to meet water needs. The human body has several mechanisms for detecting, regulating, and correcting body water deficits and excesses. However, variation exists in total water intake and how people meet those water needs as well as thirst thresholds and how well people tolerate water restriction. An evolutionary and developmental framework provides an underexplored perspective into human water needs by examining how adaptations, early life experiences and environments, as well as life course changes in health states and behaviors may shape these critical factors in body water homeostasis. This article first reviews biological and behavioral adaptations to water scarcity among animals and humans. It then examines human variation in water intake in a mostly water secure environment through the analysis of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey dietary data and the link between water intake patterns and hydration biomarkers.Next, it reviews existing evidence of how maternal water restriction in utero and during lactation shape vasopressin release, thirst thresholds, drinking patterns, and body water homeostasis for the infant. Early life water restriction appears to have implications for hydration status, body size, and cardiovascular health. Finally, it examines how life course changes in health states and behaviors, including obesity, sleep, and parasitic infection, affect body water homeostasis. This article poses new questions about the plasticity and shaping of human water needs, thirst, and hydration behaviors.

show abstract

Detection of Cryptosporidium spp and other intestinal parasites in children with acute diarrhea and severe dehydration in Rio de Janeiro

Abstract: The objective of the present study was to estimate the frequency of infection by

Cited by 18 publications

References 11 publications

Enteric Protozoa in the Developed World: a Public Health Perspective

Enteric Protozoa in the Developed World: a Public Health Perspective

Blastocystis hominisandEndolimax nanaCo-Infection Resulting in Chronic Diarrhea in an Immunocompetent Male

Biobehavioral variation in human water needs: How adaptations, early life environments, and the life course affect body water homeostasis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About