Influenza

Forleo‐Neto, Eduardo; Halker, Elisa; Santos, Verônica Jorge; Paiva, Terezinha Maria de; Toniolo-Neto, João

doi:10.1590/s0037-86822003000200011

Cited by 29 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In 2000, the Brazilian GROG was renamed the VigiGripe Project, part of the VigiVirus Project. This group was associated with the Federal University of São Paulo in a joint effort with the Enteric and Respiratory Virus Department of the IAL/SP [11,13,14]. The epidemiological surveillance of influenza was nationally implemented in 2000 based in Sentinel Units (SUs) and the use of indirect morbidity and mortality associated data [9].…”

Section: Surveillance Of Human Influenza In Brazilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influenza in Brazil: surveillance pathways

Cantarino

Merchán-Hamann

2016

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Influenza is a viral disease of global concern that has demanded the attention of health authorities. Since 1947, as a preventive measure, the World Health Organization monitors viral circulation to define the annual vaccine through a worldwide network of laboratories. This article presents the structuring of influenza surveillance in Brazil and highlights virological surveillance and the role of diagnostic laboratories as well as the expansion of actions to improve detection and expedite responses. The model set corresponds to sentinel surveillance complemented by the universal notification of severe acute respiratory syndrome investigating outbreaks, deaths, and unusual events and monitoring hospitalization and mortality in an expanded surveillance. In this review, we address aspects of influenza surveillance in animals, the need for interagency integration, and the sharing of information in many surveillance systems.

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Section: Surveillance Of Human Influenza In Brazilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influenza in Brazil: surveillance pathways

Cantarino

Merchán-Hamann

2016

J Infect Dev Ctries

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“…To reduce mortality and decrease the cost of hospitalization and treatment of secondary infections, one of the public health measures adopted in Brazil to prevent influenza and its severe complications is the annual campaign for influenza vaccination 14 . Each year, the composition of the vaccine strains are reviewed and updated by the epidemiological surveillance services based on the main circulating viruses 15 .…”

Section: The Characteristics Clinical Manifestations and Outcomes Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

The characteristics, clinical manifestations and outcomes of pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 in the elderly

Lenzi

Wiens

Pontarolo

2013

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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Introduction:The objetctive of this study was to evaluate the 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) in the elderly and identify the clinical characteristics, mortality and prognostic factors of the infection in these patients. Methods: This was an observational, retrospective study. Data were collected from the National Notifiable Diseases (SINAN), from the Brazilian Ministry of Health. Only patients 60 years old or more that had laboratory confirmed infections were included. The socio-demographic and clinical variables and outcomes were evaluated to compare mortality rates in the presence or absence of these factors. Results: We included 93 patients in the study, 16.1% of whom died. The symptoms of cough and dyspnea, the use of the antiviral oseltamivir, influenza vaccine and comorbidities influenced the outcomes of cure or death. Chest radiography can aid in diagnosis. Conclusions: Although relatively few elderly people were infected, this population presented high lethality that can be justified by the sum of clinical, physical and immunological factors in this population. Treatment with oseltamivir and vaccination against seasonal influenza have significantly reduced rates of hospitalization and mortality.

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“…Estima-se que, anualmente, cerca de 10% da população mundial seja acometida pela influenza. Os sintomas mais freqüentes da gripe são caracterizados por febre, calafrios, cefaléia, tosse seca, dor de garganta, congestão nasal ou coriza, mialgias, anorexia e fadiga 22 .…”

Section: Os áCidos Siálicos Como Fonte De Inspiração Para O Desenho Dunclassified

“…Existem quinze tipos de hemaglutinina e nove tipos de neuraminidase identificadas em diferentes espécies animais. Atualmente são conhecidas três hemaglutininas (H1, H2 e H3) e duas neuraminidases (N1 e N2) presentes nos vírus influenza do tipo A adaptadas para infectar seres humanos 22,23 .…”

Section: Os áCidos Siálicos Como Fonte De Inspiração Para O Desenho Dunclassified

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Ácidos siálicos: da compreensão do seu envolvimento em processos biológicos ao desenvolvimento de fármacos contra o agente etiológico da gripe

Fátima¹,

Baptistella²,

Pilli³

et al. 2005

Quím. Nova

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Recebido em 4/2/04; aceito em 13/7/04; publicado na web em 23/11/04 SIALIC ACIDS -FROM THE COMPREHENSION OF THEIR INVOLVEMENT IN BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES TO ANTIINFLUENZA DRUG DESIGN. Sialic acids are nine-carbon carbohydrates that occur widely in nature and occupy the terminal portions of some glycoproteins and glycolipids of cell membranes. These carbohydrates are closely involved in cell-cell interactions and in processes such as microbial infection, inflammation, etc. Studies on the participation of sialic acids in biological processes have provided comprehension about their role in the infection by the influenza virus, the causal agent of flu. In this article, we present an overview of the importance of sialic acids in the influenza virus infection and how the knowledge of their involvement in this process has allowed the development of selective and efficient drugs against the virus.Keywords: sialic acid; flu and antiinfluenza drugs. INTRODUÇÃONão há vida sem célula. E a exemplo da própria vida, que tanta diversidade apresenta, variam as formas e funções das células. As células são as unidades estruturais e funcionais de todos os organismos e é possível reconhecer, em sua hierarquia estrutural, alguns níveis de complexidade, como aqueles presentes, por exemplo, em uma célula vegetal: o nível 3 onde se incluem complexos supramoleculares (cromossomo, membrana plasmática, parede celular, etc); o nível 2 representado por macromoléculas (DNA, proteínas, celulose, etc) e o nível 1 compreendendo as unidades monoméricas, como nucleotídeos, aminoácidos, carboidratos, etc 1-3 (Figura 1).A membrana plasmática, presente em células de todas as espécies, define a periferia da célula, separando o seu conteúdo da circunvizinhança. Ela serve como uma barreira de permeabilidade, que permite à célula manter uma composição citoplasmática e é composta de grande número de moléculas de lipídios e proteínas que se mantêm juntas principalmente por interações hidrofóbicas, formando uma bicamada lipídica fina, resistente e flexível, em volta da célula 1-3 . Algumas proteínas presentes na membrana celular permitem a passagem de certos íons e moléculas (proteínas transportadoras). Outras proteí-nas exercem o papel de receptores, transmitindo o sinal do exterior para o interior da célula. Há ainda proteínas que funcionam como enzimas, participando de reações que ocorrem em membranas.

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Influenza

Cited by 29 publications

References 32 publications

Influenza in Brazil: surveillance pathways

Influenza in Brazil: surveillance pathways

The characteristics, clinical manifestations and outcomes of pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 in the elderly

Ácidos siálicos: da compreensão do seu envolvimento em processos biológicos ao desenvolvimento de fármacos contra o agente etiológico da gripe

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