Study of chronic hemolytic anaemia patients in Rio de Janeiro: prevalence of anti-human parvovirus B19 IgG antibodies and the developement aplastic crises

Abstract

The prevalence of anti-human parvovirus B19 IgG antibodies was determined in sera from 165 chronic hemolytic anemia patients, receiving medical care at Instituto Estadual de Hematologia (IEHE), Rio de Janeiro, during the year of 1994. This sample represents around 10% of the chronic hemolytic anemia patients attending at IEHE. Most of these patients (140) have sickle cell disease. Anti-B19 IgG antibodies were detected in 32.1% of patients. No statistically significant difference (p > 0.05) was seen between IgG antibody prevalence in male (27.8%) and female (35.5%) patients. Anti-B19 IgG antibodies were more frequent in older (37.6%) than younger (28.2%) than 20 years old patients, although this difference had no statistical significance (p > 0.05). Anti-B19 IgG antibody prevalence showed that 67.9% of patients enrolled in the study were susceptible to B19 acute infection. With the aim to detect acute B19 infection, patients follow up continued until February 1996. During this period four patients presented transient aplastic crisis due to human parvovirus B19 as confirmed by the detection of specific IgM antibodies. All four patients were younger than 20 years old, and 3 were younger than 10 years old. Three of them were sickle cell disease patients. Three of the four acute B19 infection occurred during 1994 springtime.

Prevalence and Factors Associated With Human Parvovirus B19 Infection in Sickle Cell Patients Hospitalized in Tanzania

“…The prevalence reported in this study is higher than that reported in Kenya (2.7%) from 264 hospitalized non-SCD children with severe anemia and 23.3% and 27.3% from non-SCD with aplastic anemia in Northern Nigeria and India respectively 4,5,7. However, other studies reported a higher prevalence of HPV B19, 30.2% in non SCD with severe anemia in PNG, and 32.1% in Brazil 6,11. Eastern Saudi Arabia reported a higher prevalence of HPV B19 37.6% in SCD patients compared to this study.…”

“…Prevalence of severe anemia in non-SCD patients with Parvovirus B19 has been reported previously to be 2.7% in Kenya and 30.2% in Papua New Guinea (PNG) 4,6. A prevalence of 23.3%, 27.3% and 32.1% in non SCD with aplastic anemia were also reported in Northern Nigeria, India and Brazil respectively 5,7,8. However, a prevalence of 37.6% was reported in SCA population in Eastern Saudi Arabia 1…”

Molecular and phylogenetic analyses of human Parvovirus B19 isolated from Brazilian patients with sickle cell disease and β‐thalassemia major and healthy blood donors

“…Although, data on B19V seroprevalence in Brazil are available [Wermelinger et al, 2002; Huatuco et al, 2008; Amaku et al, 2009], the epidemiological aspects of this infection in patients with hemoglobinopathies have not been evaluated. A single study [Sant'Anna et al, 2002], which included a significant number of patients with sickle cell disease, revealed low anti‐B19 IgG reactivity (32.2%). The anti‐B19V IgG seroprevalence rates among patients with sickle cell disease and donors were similar (65.9% vs. 60%).…”

Parvovirus-B19 and hematologic disorders

“…This infection is common in childhood, and approximately 80% of the population is immune to this virus after 50 years [44]. The infection rate of PV-B19 is determined by assessment of antiparvovirus immunoglobulin (Ig)G antibody in serum samples.…”