Prevalências do HBsAg, do anti-HBc e do anti-HCV na população de candidatos a doadores de sangue do Hemocentro-Campinas

Júnior, Fernando Lopes Gonçales; Boccato, Raquel Silveira Bello Stucchi; Pedro, Rogério de Jesus; Papaiordanou, Priscila Maria de Oliveira; Souza, Cármino Antonio De; Gonçales, Neiva Sellan Lopes; Júnior, Jordão Pellegrino

doi:10.1590/s0036-46651993000100007

Cited by 16 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The distribution and characteristics of HBV genotypes in different regions of Brazil have not been fully studied. This study was carried out in Campinas, an industrialized urban area with approximately one million inhabitants, in São Paulo state, Southeast Brazil, where the estimated prevalence of HBsAg in blood donors is around 1.5% (low rate) [ 25 ]. The aims of this study were to identify HBV genotypes in HBV strains obtained from HBV-infected patients and to correlate them with clinical and histopathological features.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B virus: molecular genotypes and HBeAg serological status among HBV-infected patients in the southeast of Brazil

et al. 2009

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BackgroundKnowledge of HBV genotype is very important for clinical treatment. Studies have suggested possible pathogenic and therapeutic differences among HBV genotypes. The aim of this study was to determine HBV subtypes and genotypes in HBV-infected patients in our region (southeast Brazil) and to correlate results with clinical and histopathological data.MethodsOne hundred and thirty-nine HBsAg-positive patients were included in the study. All patients were anti-HCV and anti-HIV negative (64% male; mean age 42 ± 14.5 years; range 7-80 years; 84% Caucasian) and were followed up at the University Hospital. A method for genotyping and subtyping HBV by partial HBsAg gene sequencing with primers common to all known genotypes was used. The viral load was measured by Amplicor Monitor assay (Roche).ResultsHBV genotype A was the most prevalent (55%), while genotypes C, D and F were found in 3%, 38% and 4% of HBV-infected patients, respectively. Among the patients infected by genotype A, 18.3% (14/76) were African descendents and, among the patients infected by genotype D, 11.3% (6/53) were also African descendents. In the four patients infected with genotype C, 2 were Asian descendents and 2 were Caucasians. All (7) genotype F infected patients were Caucasians. Seventy percent of our HBsAg-positive patients were HBeAg negative (62% genotypes A; 26.2% D; 7.1% C and 4.7%F). The viral load of HBV-DNA was about 5 times higher in HBeAg-positive than in HBeAg-negative patients. About 40% of these patients had alanine aminotransferase of up to 1.5 times the normal level. The mean stage of fibrosis in genotype A patients (2.8) was significantly higher than the mean stage of fibrosis in genotype D patients (2.0) (P = 0.0179).ConclusionThe genotypes encountered in our HBV-infected patients were apparently a consequence of the types of immigration that occurred in our region, where European and African descendents predominate. The HBeAg-negative status predominated, possibly due to the length of time of infection. The viral load in HBeAg-positive patients was higher than in HBeAg-negative individuals. The fibrosis grade in genotype A-infected patients was more advanced than genotype D-infected patients.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B virus: molecular genotypes and HBeAg serological status among HBV-infected patients in the southeast of Brazil

et al. 2009

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“…The same study pointed out to high prevalence (23%) of HBV among blood donors in São Paulo. HCV prevalence was estimated at 2.1% in a similar population in early nineties [6], which is higher than in most studies from North America and Northern Europe [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Residual transfusion risk for hepatitis B and C in southern Brazil, 1991–99

Kupek

2001

Journal of Viral Hepatitis

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A retrospective study of 139 188 blood donor records for the period 1991–99 was conducted in the largest blood bank in the federal state of Santa Catarina, in southern Brazil. The incidence/window method, based on 11 286 repeat donors with 8917 person‐years of follow‐up, was used to estimate the residual risk for transfusing hepatitis B and C due to infectious window periods for early, mid and late years of the decade. The residual risk for transfusing HBsAg contaminated blood decreased almost three times over the 1990 decade but still remains very high at 1 : 2077 (95% confidence limits 1 : 1075–1 : 4624), with a corresponding incidence of 3.00 (1.35–5.77) per 1000 person‐years. Similarly, although residual risk for hepatitis C was reduced more than 30 times in late 1990s, compared with the earlier period, the risk of 1 : 13721 (1 : 7102–1 : 30820) and corresponding incidence of 0.51 (0.23–0.99) per 1000 person‐years are still very high compared to developed countries. In addition to vaccination against hepatitis B and health promotion efforts aimed at reduction of hepatitis transmission, special measures such as PCR screening of pooled blood donations might be needed to rapidly achieve a further residual risk reduction in high prevalence areas.

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Mode of hepatitis C virus infection, epidemiology, and chronicity rate in the general population and risk groups

Tillmann

Manns

1996

Digest Dis Sci

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Since the discovery of the hepatitis C virus (HCV), it has become evident that this infectious agent is a primary cause of posttransfusion and sporadic non-A, non-B hepatitis. Identification and introduction of surrogate markers for posttransfusion hepatitis and later introduction of anti-HCV screening has decreased the incidence of posttransfusion hepatitis. Community-acquired HCV infection is less common than posttransfusion HCV hepatitis. HCV infection may lead to liver cirrhosis without prior evidence of laboratory or histologic infection. Populations at risk for HCV infection include patients receiving organ transplants, health care workers, infants born to HCV-infected mothers, and hemodialysis patients. Intravenous drug abusers and their sexual partners also demonstrate a high rate of HCV infection. Nosocomial HCV transmission may occur despite the observance of universal precautions. Dental or surgical intervention, salivary inoculation, family members infected with HCV, cocaine abuse, HIV infection, and lower socioeconomic status also each correlate with an increased risk of infection. HCV infection is associated with many immune-mediated diseases. There may also be some relationship between human leukocyte antigens and HCV infection. Since there currently is no HCV vaccine, prevention of exposure remains the only possibility for reducing HCV transmission and prevalence.

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Prevalências do HBsAg, do anti-HBc e do anti-HCV na população de candidatos a doadores de sangue do Hemocentro-Campinas

Cited by 16 publications

References 30 publications

Hepatitis B virus: molecular genotypes and HBeAg serological status among HBV-infected patients in the southeast of Brazil

Hepatitis B virus: molecular genotypes and HBeAg serological status among HBV-infected patients in the southeast of Brazil

Residual transfusion risk for hepatitis B and C in southern Brazil, 1991–99

Mode of hepatitis C virus infection, epidemiology, and chronicity rate in the general population and risk groups

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