Use of MAC-ELISA for evaluation of yellow fever vaccination

Abstract

An evaluation of the IgM antibody immune response against yellow fever using strain 17D was carried out by MAC-ELISA and PRNT. The results showed an agreement of 97% between both tests and the authors conclude that MAC-ELISA can be used as a specific and sensitive asssay to replace the PRNT for detecting yellow fever antibodies in human sera, after vaccination programs.

Detection of Anti-Yellow Fever Virus Immunoglobulin M Antibodies at 3–4 Years Following Yellow Fever Vaccination

“…At least three previous studies have documented YF IgM antibodies from 2 to 18 months postvaccination, although none have documented the cause of prolonged IgM production. 4,11,12 Two of these studies only evaluated a total of three persons 2 months postvaccination and all were IgM positive. 4,12 In the largest of the three studies, 13 (43%) of 30 primary YF vaccinees in Brazil had detectable YF IgM antibodies at 100-349 days postvaccination.…”

“…4,11,12 Two of these studies only evaluated a total of three persons 2 months postvaccination and all were IgM positive. 4,12 In the largest of the three studies, 13 (43%) of 30 primary YF vaccinees in Brazil had detectable YF IgM antibodies at 100-349 days postvaccination. 11 The lower proportion of vaccinees with YF IgM positivity in Brazil compared with our study might be caused by prior flaviviral infection in the Brazilian subjects, as vaccinees with preexisting dengue IgG antibodies were less likely to develop YF IgM antibodies following vaccination.…”

Description of a Prospective 17DD Yellow Fever Vaccine Cohort in Recife, Brazil

“…The main difference is that PRNT determines antibody functionality and is correlated with protective immunity. This assay is more sensitive and the most specific of the serologic tests 29,30. Therefore, in addition to the IgM and IgG ELISAs, we also performed PRNT on samples collected before and after vaccination.…”

“…In the 238 individuals whose serum samples were analyzed by MAC-ELISA, anti-YFV IgM was detected in 70.6% of cases. Studies have shown that a significant amount of IgM antibody can be present as long as 6030 and 82 days36 after primary vaccination against YF-17D. In some individuals, anti-YFV IgM can persist for 100–120 days or more 2,37.…”

Outbreak of jaundice and hemorrhagic fever in the Southeast of Brazil in 2001: Detection and molecular characterization of yellow fever virus

“…MAC-ELISA is accepted as a good specific test for YF diagnosis [Lhuillier et al, 1986;Saluzzo et al, 1986], even in countries with the co-circulation of others flaviviruses. Nogueira et al [1992] demonstrated 97% agreement between MAC-ELISA and PRNT. In this outbreak, MAC-ELISA was very useful for confirmation of YFV infection.…”