Inovação na indústria química e biotecnológica em saúde: em busca de uma agenda virtuosa

Abstract

RESUMOAs indústrias de base química e biotecnológica compõem um dos subsistemas produtivos do Complexo Produtivo da Saúde, que se destaca tanto pela sua relevância econômica como pela sua importância no domínio de novas tecnologias em áreas estratégicas. A consolidação do segmento de produção de medicamentos genéricos na última década proporcionou um aumento signifi cativo da participação de empresas nacionais no mercado farmacêutico e representou um importante ponto de infl exão na trajetória de crescimento do setor. Entretanto, ainda há importantes gargalos estruturais tanto na base produtiva como em termos de seu dinamismo inovativo. Tais gargalos revelam a elevada vulnerabilidade do Sistema Nacional de Saúde e apontam para a importância da criação e implementação de políticas públicas que articulem o desenvolvimento da base produtiva e da inovação na indústria farmacêutica com o atendimento das demandas sociais relativas à saúde no País. DESCRITORES: Biotecnologia, economia. Indústria Química, economia. Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, políticas. Política Nacional de Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação. ABSTRACTPharmaceutical and biotechnology industries comprise a major production subsystem of the health industrial complex in Brazil. It stands out for both its economic importance and its prominent role in developing new technologies in strategic areas. Strengthening the local production of generic drugs in the last decade has signifi cantly increased the number of Brazilian companies in the local pharmaceutical market and has been an important turning point for this industry's growth. However, there remain major structural bottlenecks both in terms of production and continuous innovation. These bottlenecks reveal the high vulnerability of the Brazilian National Health System and point to the need of public policies that promote strengthening the production base and innovation in the pharmaceutical industry and that at the same time meet health-related social demands in health in Brazil.

Health Policy on the pages of Revista de Saúde Pública

“…From this new perspective, the decommodification of access, commodification of offer, formation of the health economic-industrial complex, and articulations between Health and Development, as well as innovations, become central issues. Several articles approached these topics, especially in the last decade of RSP 11 , 25 , 34 , 35 , 69 , 89 , 93 , even with the publication of a special supplement on Health and Development, in 2012.…”

Vulnerabilidade do SUS em relação à variação cambial: análise da dinâmica de importações de medicamentos e equipamentos de saúde entre 1996 e 2014

“…Brazilian pharmaceutical industry has become heavily dependent on imports, which were privileged at the expense of domestic production. Furthermore, in the scope of global strategies of multinational companies, having opted for the import from the main house or other subsidiaries, some pharmo-chemical units were deactivated (VARGAS ET AL., 2012).…”

“…If, on the one hand, the recent resumption of growth in the pharmaceutical sector, stimulated by the expansion of the generic drugs market, made it possible for national companies to go strengthened, on the other hand it served as an impulse for the entry of large multinational pharmaceutical laboratories, through the acquisition of local enterprises. Finally, these national companies have reduced investments in innovation and R&D activities when compared to international standards (VARGAS ET AL., 2012).…”

Scientific and technological capabilities in health-related areas: opportunities, challenges, and interactions with the industrial sector

“…An analysis of the scientific and technological infrastructure in the health area and its different links to the Brazilian National Innovation System in Health is thus important for understanding the dynamics of the innovation process in health. However, one of the main challenges for the dynamics of innovation in the health area in Brazil is the mismatch between the degree of scientific capability and the limited capacity for innovation today in the health industry, defined as the concept of Health EconomicIndustrial Complex (HEIC) 6,7,8 .…”