Gravidez na adolescência e uso freqüente de álcool e drogas no contexto familiar

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:To assess individual and family factors associated to teenage pregnancy, including frequent use of alcohol and illicit drugs by family members. METHODS:Case-control study conducted with a sample of 408 sexually active female adolescents (aged 13-17 years) in school from the city of Marília (Southeastern Brazil) in [2003][2004]. Cases consisted of 100 primigravid teenagers assisted in prenatal care programs in health units. Controls were 308 nulligravid students from state public schools. Standardized instruments identifi ed demographic and educational factors, contraceptive behavior, mental health problems, and family characteristics. Statistical analysis included chisquare tests and logistic regression models. RESULTS:Low paternal education (p=0.01), lack of information on sexuality and fertilization (p=0.001) and the use of illicit drugs by a resident family member (p=0.006) were independent risk factors. Family income per capita and asking the partner to use a condom were confounders. CONCLUSIONS:The frequent use of illicit drugs by a resident family member is a factor strongly associated to teenage pregnancy, regardless of other risk factors. The expectation of going to college constitutes a protective factor, mainly in the presence of low maternal education.

Gravidez na adolescência e o acesso às Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação na Amazônia

“…2013), abuso sexual (Madigan et ál. 2014), e comportamentos de risco relacionados ao uso de drogas e álcool no contexto familiar (Caputo e Bordin 2008).…”

What is and how can be explained pregnancy in adolescence

“…A grouping of concepts was also carried out, such as: "something premature, challenge and phenomenon" (10 articles). For some authors, this period is a great challenge which needs to be faced 23 ; for others, the fact that the pregnancy happened in adolescence makes it premature 14 . The chart 02 addresses the explanation f o r t h e o c c u r r e n c e o f p r e g n a n c y i n adolescence, according to the authors.…”

“…Among the various arguments used to explain the occurrence of these facts, stand out the demographic, educational, sexual and contraceptive behavior variables, psychosocial factors related to the adolescent and their families. Besides the factors of biological and socio-cultural nature, such as the immaturity of the reproductive system, inadequate weight gain during the pregnancy, early initiation of sexual life, greater frequency of sexual intercourse, poverty, and social marginality, combined to the lifestyle adopted by the adolescent, the lack of ante-natal care, low levels of instruction and a lower expectation of professional performance for the future 11,14 . Pregnancy in the adolescence may cause a greater risk of low-birth weight (LBW) and prematurity, which are pointed out as being the main responsible for the greater morbidity and mortality rates in the newborn's first year of life.…”

Considerações atuais sobre gravidez na adolescência

“…Em estudo de corte transversal com mães adolescentes, Paraguassú 21 constatou que as adolescentes de 10 a 16 anos apresentaram maior número de filhos, em relação às de 17 a 19 anos 21 . Caputo 22 constatou que baixa escolaridade paterna, falta de informação sobre sexualidade e fertilização e o uso frequente de drogas ilícitas por familiar residente no domicílio estiveram associados à gravidez na adolescência. Apesar de não terem sido explorados nesse estudo, foram encontrados outros aspectos que influenciam a ocorrência de gravidez na adolescência, tais como a gravidez da mãe na adolescência e não ter sido criada pela mãe biológica.…”