Freqüência de consumo de dietas ricas em gordura e pobres em fibra entre adolescentes

Abstract

Freqüência de consumo de dietas ricas em gordura e pobres em fi bra entre adolescentesFrequency of high-fat and low-fi ber diets among adolescents RESUMO OBJETIVO: Descrever a freqüência e os fatores associados ao consumo de dietas ricas em gordura e pobres em fi bra em adolescentes. MÉTODOS:Estudo de delineamento transversal com adolescentes de 10 a 12 anos, realizado em 2004/2005, em Pelotas, RS. A freqüência alimentar no ano anterior à pesquisa foi avaliada pelo questionário de Block, composto por 24 itens alimentares, pontuados de acordo com a freqüência de consumo de alimentos ricos em fi bras e gorduras. Na análise bruta, as prevalências de dietas ricas em gordura e pobres em fi bra foram comparadas conforme subgrupos das variáveis independentes (sexo, cor da pele, nível socioeconômico, escolaridade materna e estado nutricional do adolescente). Para controle de fatores de confusão, uma análise multivariável por regressão de Poisson foi realizada para cada desfecho. RESULTADOS:Foram encontrados 4.452 adolescentes, representando 87,5% da coorte original. A maioria dos jovens (83,9%) consumia dieta pobre em fi bra, e mais de um terço deles (36,6%) consumia dieta rica em gordura. O nível socioeconômico e a escolaridade materna mostraram-se diretamente associados com a prevalência de consumo de dietas ricas em gordura. Jovens dos níveis socioeconômicos A+B e C apresentaram menor freqüência de consumo de dietas pobres em fi bra. CONCLUSÕES:A prevalência de dietas ricas em gordura e pobres em fi bra foi elevada nessa população de adolescentes. Políticas públicas dirigidas aos determinantes dos hábitos alimentares são necessárias e urgentes. DESCRITORES: Adolescente. Hábitos alimentares. Consumo de alimentos. Fibras na dieta. Lipídeos na dieta. Estudos transversais.

Nutrition-related habits and associated factors of Brazilian adolescents

“…For risk factors, the results of this study showed that boys in both cities presented higher probability of inadequate consumption of fruit and vegetable, differing from data presented in literature (Neutzling et al 2007). These results can be explained by the fact that girls have more knowledge on nutritional (Pirouznia 2001) awareness and also make diets for loss of weight more often than and consequently consuming more fruits and vegetables (Yannakoulia et al 2004).…”

“…These results indicate a high proportion of young people who have harmful habits to health and agree with the findings of Neutzling et al (2007), who found high consumption of diets rich in fat (36.6%) and low in fiber (83.9%) among adolescents in Pelotas, RS, another Brazilian southern city. In addition, Toral et al (2006) observed in their study among adolescents of São Paulo insufficient consumption (1 serving per day) of fruits (87.6%) and vegetables (89.7%) of their sample.…”

Intake of fat and fiber-rich foods according to socioeconomic status: the 11-year follow-up of the 1993 Pelotas (Brazil) birth cohort study

“…Several studies 6,7,8,9 have detected associations between family socioeconomic status and the intake of specific foods among adolescents. In 2003, Serra Majem et al 7 , studying a representative sample of the Spanish population aged two to 24 years, found that family socioeconomic status influenced the intake of meats, fish, fruits, vegetables, yoghurt, and cheese.…”

“…In Brazil, a cross-sectional study of adolescent students from private and public schools in Campina Grande, in the country’s Northeastern Region, carried out in 2007 by Nunes et al 9 , showed higher frequency of unhealthy dietary habits (daily intake of soft drinks, sweets, and chips) among adolescents from higher socioeconomic classes. In Pelotas, Southern Brazil, Neutzling et al 8 found that socioeconomic level and maternal schooling were associated with prevalence of diets rich in fat and poor in fiber among adolescents from the 1993 Pelotas birth cohort study.…”

Promoting Self-Regulation in Health Among Vulnerable Brazilian Children: Protocol Study

“…Percentages of overweightness and obesity were identified in all groups as well as unhealthy eating habits such as the following: the consumption of soft drinks and artificial juices for almost all meals; the consumption of snacks, candies and fast food for breakfast; and the higher consumption of soft drinks and candies over vegetables. These eating behaviors, particularly low consumption of fruits and vegetables and high consumption of sweets, candies, and beverages rich in sugar and fats, have been indicated by literature as significant risk factors for overweightness and obesity (Neutzling et al, 2007 ; Tarek et al, 2008 ; Bertin et al, 2010 ).…”