Violência e saúde: estudos científicos recentes

Abstract

Violence and health: recent scientific studies ABSTRACTAn outline and critical analysis of scientific studies on Violence and Health is presented. On the basis of a non-exhaustive review, the construction of violence as a national and international field of knowledge and intervention is broached. Outbreaks of violence are shown to occupy a broad domain of social life that reaches practically everyone, in situations of both war and supposed peace. The unity of violence as an ethical-political question is highlighted and its extreme diversity as concrete situations for study and intervention is demonstrated. Through situating violence as related to collective, interpersonal and self-reported individual dimensions, and taking it to be intentional acts of physical force or power, resulting in physical, sexual or psychological abuse, and in negligence or deprivation, the studies examined mostly demonstrate a concern to respond to the widespread sense that violence is invisible, naturalized and inevitable. In order to do it, the studies show the high magnitude of violence, and the possibilities for controlling violence and attending to the multiplicity of harm to health. The initial approaches flow from a theoretical-methodological point of view related to social inequalities, family maladjustment, gender inequalities and, less frequently, race or ethnic inequalities. These imply reconstruction of the classical concepts of family, generation and social class. In conclusion, this problem is considered to be interdisciplinary and, returning to the notion of social-medical matters within Social Medicine, updating of this notion is recommended for topics that are as complex and sensitive as violence. KEYWORDS

Violências contra adolescentes nas capitais brasileiras, segundo inquérito em serviços de urgência

“…This reflects lifestyle habits such as going out, partying, and clubbing more often than girls, meaning that male adolescents are more exposed to risk in public spaces, as shown by other studies [24][25][26][27] . Girls, on the other hand, are more likely to suffer violence at home, which is consistent with the findings of previous studies showing that the most common perpetrators of violence against children are parents or the mother's boyfriend or partner [27][28][29][30] .…”

“…Studies show that violence against girls committed at home by parents creates a "vicious circle" of domination, causing fear, anguish and silence, and often leading to fatalities 29,30 . Schraiber et al 29 suggest that gender differences in the effects of exposure to violence exist.…”

“…Schraiber et al 29 suggest that gender differences in the effects of exposure to violence exist. In the case of girls, acts of violence are transformed into common everyday occurrences, while among boys, they generally perpetuate macho behavior, turning the victims into future perpetrators 29,30 .…”

Femicídios: homicídios femininos no Brasil

“…23 Females homicides account for around 10% of all homicides, which may be suggestive of secondary relevance in view of few studies on this issue. However, despite its relatively lower rates, female homicides constitute a social problem and its magnitude is not comparable to that in the male population 7 because most female homicides are gender-based.…”

Violência autoinfligida e anos potenciais de vida perdidos em Minas Gerais, Brasil

“…Trata-se de uma temática interdisciplinar, complexa que não bastará para o seu controle apenas a responsabilidade ética de cada indivíduo e requer, por conseguinte, uma efetiva mobilização dos diversos setores governamentais e da sociedade civil. 35 Neste contexto, registra-se ainda a importância das pesquisas epidemiológicas para compreensão mais ampliada da violência autoinfligida e que possa influenciar no desenvolvimento de estratégias de prevenção desse agravo e promoção da saúde. 10,34 …”