Rootstocks resistant to Meloidogyne incognita and compatibility of grafting in net melon

Abstract

Due to the few studies about grafting in net melon, in order to obtain better control of soil pathogens, the aim of the present study was to evaluate 16 genotypes of Cucurbitaceae: Benincasa hispida, Luffa cylindrica, pumpkin 'Jacarezinho', pumpkin 'Menina Brasileira', squash 'Exposição', squash 'Coroa', pumpkin 'Canhão Seca', pumpkin 'Squash', pumpkin 'Enrrugado Verde', pumpkin 'Mini Paulista', pumpkin 'Goianinha', watermelon 'Charleston Gray', melon 'Rendondo Gaucho', melon 'Redondo Amarelo', cucumber 'Caipira HS' and cucumber 'Caipira Rubi', regarding to compatibility of grafting in net melon and resistance to Meloidogyne incognita, based on the reproduction factor (RF), according to Oostenbrink (1966). To assess resistance, the seedlings were transplanted to ceramic pots and inoculated with 300/mL eggs and/or second stage juveniles of M. incognita. At 50 days after transplanting, the plants were removed from the pots and the resistance was evaluated. The compatibility between resistant rootstock and grafts of net melon was determined by performing simple cleft grafting, in a commercial net melon hybrid of great market acceptance and susceptible to M. incognita (Bonus no. 2). The genotypes Luffa cylindrica, pumpkin 'Goianinha', pumpkin 'Mini-Paulista', melon 'Redondo Amarelo', watermelon 'Charleston Gray' are resistant to the nematode M. incognita. The better compatibilities occurred with the rootstocks melon 'Amarelo', which presented 100% of success, followed by pumpkin 'Mini-Paulista' with 94%. On the other hand, Sponge gourd, watermelon 'Charleston Gray' and pumpkin 'Goianinha' showed low graft take percentages of 66%, 62% and 50%, respectively.

Screening melon genotypes for resistance to Meloidogyne enterolobii

“…Although some studies have reported resistance in yellow melon to M. incognita and M. javanica (Bitencourt and Silva, 2010;Marques et al, 2012;Galatti et al, 2013;Ito et al, 2014;Lopez-Gomez and Verdejo-Lucas, 2014), there are few studies that show resistance, or even susceptibility for melons in relation to M. enterolobii. The results are promising in view of the scarcity of studies related to this nematode in melon.…”

“…The use of genetically resistant plants is the most sustainable method to control Meloidogyne spp., being a challenge the search for sources of resistance (Molinari, 2011). Alternatively, however, in a short-term, the use of resistant rootstocks would be feasible, as practiced for other crops (Louws et al, 2010;Thies et al, 2012;Galatti et al, 2013;Guan et al, 2014). Nevertheless, this practice would have greater applicability in noble melons cultivated in greenhouses, because of the high commercial value-added.…”

Impacts of Root Metabolites on Soil Nematodes

“…high yields and/or high fruit quality are grafted on rootstocks of close relatives that are resistant to specific soil-borne pests or pathogens, e.g. nematodes (Kawaide, 1985;Oka et al, 2004;Galatti et al, 2013;Thies et al, 2015). We propose that grafting on highly nematode repellent rootstocks could be a similar fast track to reduce yield losses caused by nematodes.…”

Vegetable grafting: principles and practices

“…Grafting cucumbers on to luffa rootstocks significantly alleviated heat-induced growth reduction; these rootstocks induced significant changes in the transcripts of stress-responsive and defence-related genes through root-shoot communication, especially at stressful growth temperatures . This species has been also reported as nematode tolerant and useful for grafting melons (Galatti et al, 2013). Other less well known cucurbits that have been experimentally assayed as new rootstocks are T. cucumerinus, used to provide nematode resistance to melons (Ito et al, 2014), and S. angulatus, used to provide watermelons and cucumbers with a greater tolerance to low root temperature than that provided by C. ficifolia (Zhang et al, 2008).…”