A robust poverty profile for Brazil using multiple data sources

Abstract

This paper presents a poverty profile for Brazil, based on three different sources of household data for 1996. We use PPV consumption data to estimate poverty and indigence lines. ''Contagem'' data is used to allow for an unprecedented refinement of the country's poverty map. Poverty measures and shares are also presented for a wide range of population subgroups, based on the PNAD 1996, with new adjustments for imputed rents and spatial differences in cost of living. Robustness of the profile is verified with respect to different poverty lines, spatial price deflators, and equivalence scales. Overall poverty incidence ranges from 23% with respect to an indigence line to 45% with respect to a more generous poverty line. More importantly, however, poverty is found to vary significantly across regions and city sizes, with rural areas, small and medium towns and the metropolitan peripheries of the North and Northeast regions being poorest.<br>Este artigo apresenta um perfil de pobreza para o Brasil, com base em três diferentes pesquisas domiciliares de 1996. Nós usamos a PPV para estimar as linhas de pobreza e indigência. A Contagem Populacional é usada para permitir um refinamento inédito do mapa da pobreza do país. As medidas de pobreza também são apresentadas para um amplo conjunto de sub-grupos, com base na PNAD de 1996, com novos ajustamentos por aluguéis imputados e por diferenças espaciais de custo de vida. A robustez do perfil é verificada em relação a diferentes linhas de pobreza, deflatores espaciais de preço e escalas de equivalência. A incidência total da pobreza varia de 23% considerando a linha de indigência a 45% considerando uma linha de pobreza mais generosa. Mais importante, porém, é que a pobreza varia significativamente entre regiões e tamanhos de cidades, sendo mais pobres as áreas rurais, cidades pequenas e médias e as periferias metropolitanas das regiões Norte e Nordeste

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