Três anos de avaliação das taxas de infecção nosocomial em UTI

Dereli, Necla; Ozayar, Esra; Degerli, Semih; Şahin, Şaziye; Koç, Filiz

doi:10.1590/s0034-70942013000100006

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…1 Patients are often hospitalized to ICUs following problems in their respiratory, cardiac, renal and brain, after surgery and major trauma complications. 2,3 Patients hospitalized to ICUs are most at risk to develop infections from various sites. 4 The most common infections that occurred in the ICU are ventilator-associated lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI), central line-associated bloodstream infections (BSI), and urinary tract infections (UTI) associated with catheter and surgical site infections (SSIs).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase and Carbapenemase Producing Gram-Negative Bacilli Infections Among Patients in Intensive Care Units of Felegehiwot Referral Hospital: A Prospective Cross-Sectional Study

Alebel¹,

Mekonnen

Mulu

2021

IDR

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Background Owing to the specific risk profile of its residents, intensive care units (ICUs) are the best place for selection pressure and the epicenter for resistance development and dissemination. Infections with β-lactamase releasing Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) at ICUs are an emerging global threat. This study dogged the magnitude of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and carbapenemase releasing Gram-negative bacilli infections and associated factors among patients in the ICUs of Felegehiwot Referral Hospital, Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study was done through February to June 2020. Wound swabs, urine, blood and sputum samples were collected from patients in the ICUs symptomatic for infections while excluding those under coma and shock. Bacterial species were verified using standard microbiological methods. Carbapenemase and ESBL production were identified using modified carbapenem inactivation and combined disk diffusion methods, respectively. Multivariable analysis was calculated for factors associated with ESBL production. P-value < 0.05 was taken as cut-off for statistical significance. Results Out of 270 patients in the ICU, 67 (24.8%) and 14 (5.2%) had infections with ESBL and carbapenemase releasing GNB, respectively. The most frequent ESBL producing isolates were P. aeruginosa (100%), E. cloacae (100%), K. pneumoniae (82.8%) and E. coli (64%). The predominant carbapenemase producer isolates were K. pneumoniae (27.6%) and E. cloacae (33.3%). Overall, 77 (81.1%) of species were multi-drug resistant. All GNB species were 100% resistant to tetracycline and ampicillin. They are also resistant to cefuroxime, ceftazidime, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim and cefotaxime. Prior hospitalization (AOR = 5.5, CI = 2.63–11.46), support with medical care devices (AOR = 23.7, CI = 4.6–12) and arterial intravenous catheterization (AOR = 2.7, CI = 1.3–5.3) had significant association with β-lactamase producing GNB infection. Conclusion Infection with ESBL and carbapenemase producing Gram-negative bacilli linked with an alarming degree of multi-drug resistant isolates is a major healthcare threat among patients in ICUs. Hence, strict adherence to infection prevention practices and wise use of antibiotics are recommended to slow the spread of antimicrobial resistance.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase and Carbapenemase Producing Gram-Negative Bacilli Infections Among Patients in Intensive Care Units of Felegehiwot Referral Hospital: A Prospective Cross-Sectional Study

Alebel¹,

Mekonnen

Mulu

2021

IDR

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“…Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are seen as an aggravation of broad epidemiological significance within the context of hospital care, and as the fourth cause of complication in developed countries, mainly due to the use of invasive devices. 1 Among them, catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) account for about 40% of HAIs, and its development is directly related to the usage duration of this device. The main consequences of CAUTI are bacterial resistance, morbidity and mortality, and increased costs of health care.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevention of Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection: What Is the Gap in Clinical Practice?

Mota

Oliveira

2019

Texto contexto - enferm.

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Objective: to identify the gap in the prevention of catheter-associated urinary tract infection. Method: an observational study conducted by an audit of process indicators in relation to the recommendations for preventing catheter-associated urinary tract infection during its maintenance and handling. The collection was carried out between July and September of 2017 in an adult intensive care unit located in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The observations were made with the help of a developed instrument for the present study and the data were analyzed by means of descriptive statistics. Results: 451 evaluations were performed related to maintenance of the urinary catheter with a focus on its fixation, the collector bag maintenance, and volume and urinary flow of the drainage system. Regarding clinical practice gaps, inadequate fixation of the urinary catheter and drainage pocket were found, with more than three-quarters of its capacity filled (97.7% and 3.5%, respectively). Regarding the handling of 556 urinary catheters, there was non-conformity in the hygiene of the urethral meatus in 22.9% of the situations, and non-adherence to hands hygiene before and after handling the urinary catheter was 94.2% and 66.5%, respectively (p=0.002). Conclusion: isolated measures had good adherence rates, but prevention of catheter-associated urinary tract infection should be based on adherence to several measures simultaneously. The prevention gap is in the awareness of health professionals that the recognized prevention measures of catheter - associated urinary tract infection should be adopted collectively in order to guarantee patient and clinical practice safety.

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“…7 The ICU is a unit where patients are treated seriously commonly sick people with multidrug-resistant pathogens, in addition, these units are located in a large structure where you can find multiple disease-causing microorganisms, which is the hospital. 18 Therefore, it is suggested to reflect on the major principle stated as the precursor to the prevention of HCRI, in other words, hand hygiene, as it refers to simple and effective measure, and less costly to prevent cross-transmission of microorganisms in the hospital environment and in the reduction of related infections and patient care provided by the health teams. 16,19 Given the aforesaid, it emphasizes the need for continuing education of professionals in regard to washing techniques hands, in addition to periodic disinfection of surfaces and equipment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disinfection conditions of inanimate surfaces in intensive therapy units / Condições de desinfecção de superfícies inanimadas em unidades de terapia intensiva

Souza

Ferreira

Zilly

et al. 2019

R. pesq. cuid. fundam. online

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Objetivo: Descrever as condições de limpeza de superfícies inanimadas comuns ao toque dos pacientes e equipe de saúde após limpeza terminal em unidade de terapia intensiva. Método: Estudo prospectivo, experimental, desenvolvido entre novembro e dezembro de 2016. Foram avaliadas 44 superfícies próximas ao paciente, por meio da inspeção visual e método microbiológico. Resultados: Visualmente, todas as superfícies encontravam-se secas e limpas. Pelo método de coloração de Gram, verificaram-se microrganismos em 81,8% dos leitos. Foram encontrados microrganismos em 40,9% de superfícies, principalmente nas grades de camas. Em bombas infusoras não foram observados microrganismos. Em 38,8% das amostras encontrou-se Bacilos Gram negativos. Conclusão: Há necessidade de mudanças no comportamento da equipe de saúde, assim como, a revisão dos protocolos de desinfecção como formas de reduzir às Infecções Relacionadas à Assistência à Saúde.

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Três anos de avaliação das taxas de infecção nosocomial em UTI

Cited by 5 publications

References 5 publications

Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase and Carbapenemase Producing Gram-Negative Bacilli Infections Among Patients in Intensive Care Units of Felegehiwot Referral Hospital: A Prospective Cross-Sectional Study

Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase and Carbapenemase Producing Gram-Negative Bacilli Infections Among Patients in Intensive Care Units of Felegehiwot Referral Hospital: A Prospective Cross-Sectional Study

Prevention of Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection: What Is the Gap in Clinical Practice?

Disinfection conditions of inanimate surfaces in intensive therapy units / Condições de desinfecção de superfícies inanimadas em unidades de terapia intensiva

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