Riscos isolados e agregados de anemia em crianças frequentadoras de berçários de creches

Goswami²,

2014

J Health Popul Nutr

Almost 34% of the world population suffers from iron deficiency, with 80% belonging to developing countries where the prevalence of anaemia and iron deficiency is approximately 40% whereas, in developed countries, the occurrence of anaemia is lower than 10% (4). WHO lists iron-deficiency anaemia (IDA) as one of the "top ten risk factors contributing to death" (5). IDA is prevalent in South Asia, predominantly in India, Bangladesh, and Pakistan. However, the prevalence of IDA in Bangladesh and Pakistan has declined to 55% (6). The waning prevalence of IDA is remarkable in the case of China where the occurrence rate has plummeted from 20% to 8% within a decade (7). It is difficult to ascertain the true incidence of IDA as the aetiology of anaemia is multifactorial. A largescale study conducted by Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) found that about 53% of children were anaemic (8). A study by National Family Health Survey-2 (NFHS-2) (9) found the occurrence INTRODUCTIONChildhood anaemia is a major public-health concern, with an increasing risk of mortality. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, reports that it is one of the most common diseases due to nutritional deficiency in the world today, and more than half of the population in India is anaemic. The prevalence of anaemia is as high as 70-80% among children and 60% among pregnant women (1). Anaemia is a common conundrum of nutritional deficiency worldwide, and its prevalence is higher in developing countries than developed countries (2,3). Identifying Predictors of ChildhoodAnaemia in North-East India ABSTRACTThe objective of this study is to examine the factors that influence the occurrence of childhood anaemia in North-East India by exploring dataset of the Reproductive and Child Health-II Survey (RCH-II). The study population consisted of 10,137 children in the age-group of 0-6 year(s) from North-East India to explore the predictors of childhood anaemia by means of different background characteristics, such as place of residence, religion, household standard of living, literacy of mother, total children ever born to a mother, age of mother at marriage. Prevalence of anaemia among children was taken as a polytomous variable. The predicted probabilities of anaemia were established via multinomial logistic regression model. These probabilities provided the degree of assessment of the contribution of predictors in the prevalence of childhood anaemia. The mean haemoglobin concentration in children aged 0-6 year(s) was found to be 11.85 g/dL, with a standard deviation of 5.61 g/dL. The multiple logistic regression analysis showed that rural children were at greater risk of severe (OR=2.035; p=0.003) and moderate (OR=1.23; p=0.003) anaemia. All types of anaemia (severe, moderate, and mild) were more prevalent among Hindu children (OR=2.971; p=0.000), (OR=1.195; p=0.010), and (OR=1.201; p=0.011) than among children of other religions whereas moderate (OR=1.406; p=0.001) and mild (OR=1.857; p=0.000) anaemia were more prevalent among Mus...

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying Predictors of Childhood Anaemia in North-East India

Goswami²,

2014

J Health Popul Nutr

“…O leite materno, do ponto de vista nutricional, é reconhecido como o alimento adequado para a criança nos primeiros meses de vida, não só por disponibilizar energia, macro e micronutrientes, mas também pela proteção que confere contra doenças 11 . Este fator protetor do aleitamento materno, especialmente contra a anemia 10 , foi confirmado em estudos da população brasileira de latentes e pré-escolares [26][27][28] . Esses estudos concluíram que o aleitamento materno exclusivo até os seis meses de idade e a manutenção do leite materno a partir dessa idade, associados aos alimentos complementares quali e quantitativamente adequados contribuem para o aumento dos níveis de hemoglobina.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Fatores favoráveis à recuperação do quadro clínico de crianças anêmicas: um estudo exploratório

et al. 2010

RESUMOObjetivo: investigar a existência de aspectos do ambiente familiar de crianças anêmicas que possam ser considerados favoráveis à recuperação do quadro de anemia e ao desenvolvimento da linguagem. Método: trata-se de um estudo de caso de crianças com anemia. As crianças (n = 11) foram submetidas anteriormente ao tratamento clínico e avaliação da linguagem. Após 12 meses, foram reavaliadas nos aspectos clínicos e da linguagem, acrescentando-se a investigação dos recursos do ambiente familiar. Deste grupo, foram selecionados três casos que refletem diferentes evoluções do quadro clínico da anemia e do desenvolvimento da linguagem, a fim de explorar as contribuições do ambiente familiar na melhora desses aspectos. Resultados: a comparação das variáveis entre as crianças que obtiveram melhora ou não no tratamento medicamentoso mostra diferença estatisticamente nos valores de hemoglobina e tempo de aleitamento materno (p<0,05). A análise dos três casos revela que a situação ambiental pode ser agravante do quadro clínico da criança. Conclusões: a qualidade dos recursos domiciliares, o tempo de aleitamento materno e as práticas parentais em relação à criança podem ter contribuído para a adequada recuperação da criança nos aspectos focalizados.

“…Day care center selection and the assessment criteria are described in another publication 14 . Of the eight selected day care centers, one was excluded because it was not interested in participating in the study during the collection period of the data presented here.…”

Section: E T H O D Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Qualitative evaluation of the menu and plate waste in public day care centers in São Paulo city, Brazil

et al. 2013

A B S T R A C T ObjectiveThis study assessed menu quality and plate waste in public day care centers of São Paulo (SP), Brazil. MethodsThis cross-sectional study collected data from the nurseries of seven day care centers, totaling 366 children aged 12 to 36 months. Each day care center was assessed for three days, totaling 42 days and 210 meals. Menu quality was assessed by the Qualitative Analysis of Menu Preparations method (Análise Qualitativa das Preparações do Cardápio), adapted for day care centers, which provides nutritional and sensory criteria. Food waste was determined by the Plate Waste-Ingestion Index. ResultsThe supply of vegetables was inadequate in more than 90% of the days, and the amount of leafy vegetables and high-sulfur foods met the recommended amounts on 50% of the days. The supply of sweets and foods containing trans fatty acids was considerable. The Plate Waste-Ingestion Index for daycare centers varied from 25% to 43%, and the Plate Waste-Ingestion Index for food items varied from 11% to 47%.