Efetividade da terapia anti-retroviral dupla e tríplice em crianças infectadas pelo HIV

Romanelli, Roberta Maia de Castro; Pinto, Jorge; Melo, Laura J.; Vasconcelos, Marisa; Pereira, Rafael de Matos

doi:10.1590/s0021-75572006000500006

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…This migration occurs early in HIV infection (Risdahl et al, 1998; Romanelli et al, 2006) though HIV-induced toxicity of BECs occurs throughout infection and parallels HIV toxicity of neurons (Price et al, 2005). Once HIV-infected cells enter the brain, HIV-produced proteins trigger neuroinflammation which can exacerbate the neuroinflammatory effects of stimulant drugs.…”

Section: Stimulant Co-morbidity With Hiv Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Psychostimulant Drugs on Blood Brain Barrier Function and Neuroinflammation

Kousik¹,

Napier²,

Carvey³

2012

Front. Pharmacol.

156

115

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The blood brain barrier (BBB) is a highly dynamic interface between the central nervous system (CNS) and periphery. The BBB is comprised of a number of components and is part of the larger neuro(glio)vascular unit. Current literature suggests that psychostimulant drugs of abuse alter the function of the BBB which likely contributes to the neurotoxicities associated with these drugs. In both preclinical and clinical studies, psychostimulants including methamphetamine, MDMA, cocaine, and nicotine, produce BBB dysfunction through alterations in tight junction protein expression and conformation, increased glial activation, increased enzyme activation related to BBB cytoskeleton remodeling, and induction of neuroinflammatory pathways. These detrimental changes lead to increased permeability of the BBB and subsequent vulnerability of the brain to peripheral toxins. In fact, abuse of these psychostimulants, notably methamphetamine and cocaine, has been shown to increase the invasion of peripheral bacteria and viruses into the brain. Much work in this field has focused on the co-morbidity of psychostimulant abuse and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. As psychostimulants alter BBB permeability, it is likely that this BBB dysfunction results in increased penetration of the HIV virus into the brain thus increasing the risk of and severity of neuro AIDS. This review will provide an overview of the specific changes in components within the BBB associated with psychostimulant abuse as well as the implications of these changes in exacerbating the neuropathology associated with psychostimulant drugs and HIV co-morbidity.

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Section: Stimulant Co-morbidity With Hiv Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Psychostimulant Drugs on Blood Brain Barrier Function and Neuroinflammation

Kousik¹,

Napier²,

Carvey³

2012

Front. Pharmacol.

156

115

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Some studies affirm the prudence of postponing the start of therapy on account of its side effects and also because the benefits of the treatment do not outweigh the risks of these effects 31 . According to many authors such as FRENCH et al 9 , NIXON & LANDAYB 25 and KAMAT et al…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

EVOLUTION OF PATIENTS WITH AIDS AFTER cART: CLINICAL AND LABORATORY EVOLUTION OF PATIENTS WITH AIDS AFTER 48 WEEKS OF ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT

Fukumoto

Oliveira

Tasca

et al. 2013

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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SUMMARYCombination Antiretroviral Therapy (cART) aims to inhibit viral replication, delay immunodeficiency progression and improve survival in AIDS patients. The objective of this study was to compare two different schemes of cART, based on plasma viral load (VL) and CD4 + T lymphocyte count, during 48 weeks of treatment. For this purpose, 472 medical charts of a Specialized Outpatient Service were reviewed from 1998 to 2005. Out of these, 58 AIDS patients who had received a triple drug scheme as the initial treatment were included in the study and two groups were formed: Group 1 (G1): 47 individuals treated with two nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) and one non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor; Group 2 (G2): 11 patients treated with two NRTI and one protease inhibitor. In G1 and G2, 53.2% and 81.8% respectively were patients with an AIDS-defining disease. The T CD4 + lymphocyte count increased progressively up until the 24 th week of treatment in all patients, while VL became undetectable in 68.1% of G1 and in 63.6% of G2. The study concluded that the evolutions of laboratory tests were similar in the two treatment groups and that both presented a favorable clinical evolution.

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Efetividade da terapia anti-retroviral dupla e tríplice em crianças infectadas pelo HIV

Cited by 2 publications

References 18 publications

The Effects of Psychostimulant Drugs on Blood Brain Barrier Function and Neuroinflammation

The Effects of Psychostimulant Drugs on Blood Brain Barrier Function and Neuroinflammation

EVOLUTION OF PATIENTS WITH AIDS AFTER cART: CLINICAL AND LABORATORY EVOLUTION OF PATIENTS WITH AIDS AFTER 48 WEEKS OF ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT

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