Dom Pedro I of Brazil and IV of Portugal epilepsy and peculiar behavior

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-Dom João VI´s death occurred in adverse political conditions that led to the regicide hypothesis. The main aim of this paper is to mention life style and conditions of the death of the king by means of narrative review based on primary and secondary sources. Dom João VI died in the way of convulsions and gastrointestinal symptoms. This could be the result of the pathological chain of genetic determination, accentuated by the inappropriate life style, obesity and sedentary habits, and/or poisoning. The finding of arsenic in high doses in his viscera favors the last hypothesis as the basic cause of death, but one can not discard the atherosclerosis predisposing risk factors for a final stroke.KEY WORDS: Dom João VI, arsenic, convulsions, stroke. Morte de Dom João VI: convulsões e comaRESUMO -A morte de Dom João VI aconteceu em condições políticas adversas que conduziram à hipótese de regicídio. O objetivo principal deste artigo é mencionar o estilo de vida e condições da morte do rei por meio de revisão narrativa baseada em fontes primárias e secundárias. Dom João VI morreu apresentando convulsões e sintomas gastrointestinais. Esse poderia ser o resultado da cadeia patológica de determinação genética, acentuada pelo estilo de vida inapropriado, obesidade e/ou envenenamento. O achado de arsêni-co em doses altas nas suas vísceras aponta a última hipótese como a causa básica da morte, mas não se pode descartar a aterosclerose como fator de risco predisponente para um acidente vascular cerebral final.

Section: King´s Healthmentioning

confidence: 74%

Dom João VI's death: convulsions and coma

Gomes¹,

Reimão²,

Maranhão-Filho³

2007

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“…It is worth noting that the last epileptic seizure that the Countess described in her memoirs was associated with fever. She was nine years old at that time and therefore outside of the normal age limits for febrile seizures 6 , thus emphasizing the hypothesis of generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus 7 . In summary, Dona Maria Isabel's own report does not shown sufficient evidence to support the diagnosis of post-traumatic intrauterine seizures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Epileptic seizures in a descendant of Dom Pedro I

Gomes

Filho

2010

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Intrauterine seizure is a rare event. Genetic predisposition and trauma are possible risk factors. Objective: To review and comment on the historical description of intrauterine events of a bastard daughter of Dom Pedro I (Maria Isabel Alcântara Brasileira -1830-1896). Method: Review of historical facts about the health of Dom Pedro I's daughter according to primary and secondary historical data. results: According to historical accounts, Dom Pedro I's daughter suffered trauma during the intrauterine period that provoked intrauterine seizures. At the age of eight years, she developed self-limited and benign generalized epilepsy. Like her father, she had mood problems and also learning difficulties. conclusion: Dona Maria Isabel's own report does not shown sufficient evidence to support the diagnosis of post-traumatic intrauterine seizures. Nevertheless, her family history suggests a genetic basis for her epilepsy.

“…Pedro II was member of the Brazilian royal family as son of Dom Pedro I de Bragança e Bourbon, person with epilepsy 4 , Liberator of Brazil from Portugal, and of Portugal from the absolutists, and of Dona Leopoldina de Habsburgo e Bourbon. D. Pedro II was an intellectual.…”

Section: Birth and Upbringing Of A Nation's Orphan And Pupilmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, on April 14, 1840, the same Baron Daiser who commented 6 years before about "the indigestions" of the boy would have declared that: "very strong signs of his attachment to the imperial family and of the importance it places in the life of the young monarch, on whom the hope and all the future of Brazil rests", apud Barman 3 . Dom Pedro II had a rich family history of epilepsy or convulsive seizures: his father was epileptic and presented generalized seizures predominantly tonic-clonic, possibly beginning at the age of 13 years; aunts on the paternal side also presented them; Fernando I of Habsburgo-Lorena, uncle on the maternal side in the same way 4 . His mother, Dona Leopoldina, and his grandfather on the paternal side, Dom João VI, died in the course of symptomatic epileptic seizures underlined by a cerebral acute insult.…”

Section: Doctors Of the Imperial Chamber The Building Of The Hospicementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The situation lived by Princess Isabel on May, 1847, characterized by the repetition of the convulsions for three days defi nes one of the aspects that characterize the atypical febrile convulsions, complicated or complex 14 . It seems that the father, paternal aunts and maternal uncle of Dom Pedro II suffered from generalized tonic-clonic type of epilepsy -probable from idiopathic epilepsy 4 . The history of Dom Pedro II signals the presence of convulsive manifestations since 2 years of age -until 8 years associated with fever -and, thereafter, afebrile seizures, focal or generalized tonic-clonic.…”

Section: Doctors Of the Imperial Chamber The Building Of The Hospicementioning

confidence: 99%

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The Emperor Dom Pedro II: his convulsive seizures when a boy

Gomes

Fontenelle

2007

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-Introduction: Dom Pedro II, the Prince Heir and Emperor under regency, in a delicate period of the construction of the Brazilian nation, had convulsive seizures. Objective: To investigate the convulsive seizures and related syndromes of Dom Pedro II and his family, besides the physicians in charge of the health care. Method: Narrative review based on primary and secondary sources. Conclusion: The scattered and self-limited convulsive seizures associated with physical and mental integrity favored a benign prognosis. Dom Pedro and his family presented rich history of epileptic seizures and febrile convulsion. This variety resembles the diagnosis of generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus that seems to be a combination of several syndromes with shared genetic susceptibility.KEY WORDS: Dom Pedro II, epilepsy, genetics, history of Brazil, monarchy.O Imperador Dom Pedro II: as suas crises convulsivas quando menino RESUMO -Introdução: Dom Pedro, o príncipe herdeiro e imperador sob regência, em período delicado da formação da nação brasileira, apresentou crises convulsivas que geraram preocupação para o país. Objetivo: Investigar a história da epilepsia de Dom Pedro II e da sua família e procurar identificar quais tipos de crises epilépticas estavam presentes, além dos médicos envolvidos com os cuidados de saúde. Método: Revisão narrativa baseada em fontes primárias e secundárias. Conclusão: As crises convulsivas esparsas e autolimitadas associadas a higidez física e mental de Dom Pedro II sugerem um prognóstico benigno. A história de epilepsia idiopática e convulsões febris no imperador e em outros membros da sua família aponta para o diagnóstico mais provável de Epilepsia Generalizada com Convulsões Febris Plus que é determinada por uma combinação de alguns tipos de manifestações epilépticas com suscetibilidade genética compartilhada.