Sleep disorders and starting time to school impair balance in 5-year-old children

Moran, Cristiane Aparecida; Carvalho, Luciane Bizari Coin de; Prado, Lucila Bizari Fernandes do; Prado, Gilmar Fernandes do

doi:10.1590/s0004-282x2005000400003

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…All articles included static balance tests that required the children to balance on one leg. Some articles ( n = 11) reported this simply on a firm surface with eyes open [ 32 , 34 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 ]. Stankovic and Radenkovic [ 71 ] also asked children to stand on a single leg on a firm surface, repeating this with their eyes closed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Twelve articles used time, in seconds, as the outcome measure for the single-leg tests [ 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 76 ]. The range of time the single-leg stance was maintained for on a hard surface with eyes open ranged from 6.67 s [ 63 ] to 87.6 s [ 65 ], with eyes closed, 6.9 s was the lowest outcome [ 71 ] with 33.62 s being the highest [ 73 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fundamental Movement Skills and Accelerometer-Measured Physical Activity Levels during Early Childhood: A Systematic Review

et al. 2020

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Early childhood is a key period for children to begin developing and practicing fundamental movement skills (FMS), while aiming to perform sufficient physical activity (PA). This study reviews the current evidence for the levels of achievement in FMS and PA measured using accelerometers among 4–5-year-old children and examines differences by gender. This review was conducted using the PRISMA framework. Keyword searches were conducted in Pubmed, Medline, Google Scholar and SPORTDiscus. Inclusion criteria included age: 4–5 years old; FMS measurement: Test of Gross Motor Development 2 and 3; PA measurement: objective methods; balance measurement: static single limb; study design: cross-sectional observational/descriptive, randomised control trials, intervention studies; language: English. Twenty-eight articles from twenty-one countries met the inclusion criteria and were split into either FMS and PA articles (n = 10) or balance articles (n = 18). Three articles showed children achieving 60 min of moderate to vigorous PA per day, two articles demonstrated significant differences between girls’ and boys’ performance of locomotor skills and five reported locomotor skills to be more proficient than object control skills at this age for both genders. Balance was measured in time (n = 12), points score (n = 3) or biomechanical variables (n = 3), displaying heterogeneity of not only measurement but also outcomes within these data, with static single limb balance held between 6.67 to 87.6 s within the articles. Four articles reported girls to have better balance than boys. There is little conclusive evidence of the current levels for FMS, PA and balance achievement in young children 4–5 years of age. The academic literature consistently reports low levels of FMS competence and mixed evidence for PA levels. Inconsistencies lie in balance measurement methodology, with broad-ranging outcomes of both low and high achievement at 4–5 years old. Further research is required to focus on increasing practice opportunities for children to improve their FMS, increase PA levels and establish sufficient balance ability. Consistent and comparable outcomes during early childhood through more homogenous methodologies are warranted.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fundamental Movement Skills and Accelerometer-Measured Physical Activity Levels during Early Childhood: A Systematic Review

et al. 2020

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“…Instead, symptoms like behavioral changes, cognitive abnormalities, concentration difficulties and learning difficulties generally occur 8,12 . Facial growth abnormalities are observed among children with OSAS 7 and among mouth breathing children 13,14 , in addition to poor growth due to increased energy expenditure during sleep 15 , hyperactivity and antisocial behavior, and symptoms of depression 16 , cognitive difficulty 17,18 and motor dysfunction 19 . Children with abnormal craniofacial patterns show a predisposition towards some types of respiratory sleep disorder, as do children with tonsillar and adenoid hypertrophy.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mouth breathing children have cephalometric patterns similar to those of adult patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

Juliano

Machado

Carvalho

et al. 2009

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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-Objective: To determine whether mouth breathing children present the same cephalometric patterns as patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Method: Cephalometric variables were traced and measured on vertical lateral cephalometric radiographs. The cephalometric measurements of 52 mouth and 90 nose breathing children were compared with apneic patients. The children had not undergone adenoidectomy or tonsillectomy and had not had or were not receiving orthodontic or orthopedic treatment. Results: Mouth breathing children showed same cephalometric pattern observed in patients with OSAS: a tendency to have a retruded mandible (p=0.05), along with greater inclination of the mandibular and occlusal planes (p<0.01) and a tendency to have greater inclination of the upper incisors (p=0.08). The nasopharyngeal and posterior airway spaces were greatly reduced in mouth breathing children, as observed in patients with apnea (p<0.01). Conclusion: Mouth breathing children present abnormal cephalometric parameters and their craniofacial morphology resembles that of patients with OSAS.Key WOrdS: cephalometry, mouth breathing, obstructive sleep apnea.crianças respiradoras bucais apresentam padrão cefalométrico semelhante àquele observado em pacientes adultos com síndrome da apnéia obstrutiva do sono resumo -Objetivo: determinar se crianças respiradoras bucais apresentam o mesmo padrão cefalométrico que os pacientes que tem síndrome da apnéia obstrutiva do sono (SAOS). Método: Foram traçadas radiografias laterais verticais da cabeça para a mensuração das variáveis cefalométricas. As medidas cefalométricas de 52 crianças respiradoras bucais e de 90 crianças respiradoras nasais foram comparadas à de pacientes com apnéia. Foram excluídas as crianças que haviam sido submetidas à cirurgia de remoção de amídalas ou adenóides, ou que haviam recebido tratamento ortodôntico prévio ou em andamento. Resultados: As crianças respiradoras bucais apresentaram o mesmo padrão cefalométrico observado em pacientes com SAOS: tendência a ter retrusão de mandíbula (p=0,05), assim como uma maior inclinação dos planos mandibular e oclusal (p<0,01) e tendência a ter maior inclinação dos incisivos superiores (p=0,08). O espaço da nasofaringe e o espaço aéreo posterior se apresentaram muito diminuídos nas crianças respiradoras bucais, como é observado em pacientes com SAOS (p<0,01). Conclusão: Crianças respiradoras bucais apresentam padrão cefalométrico alterado e sua morfologia craniofacial é semelhante àquela observada em pacientes com SAOS.PAlAvrAS-ChAve: cefalometria, respiração bucal, apnéia obstrutiva do sono. Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in adults is characterized by repeated episodes of cessation of breathing during sleep. These episodes result from obstruction of the upper airways, which collapse at different levels ranging from the nasal fossae to the lower portion of the hypopharynx 1 . The nocturnal symptoms include snoring, restless sleep, frequent arousals, apneas and excessive sweating. The daytime problems...

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“…The regulation of mood and modulation of emotions seem also to be affected by quantity and quality of sleep 1,3 . Superior levels of cognitive function like the capacity of abstraction, flexibility, and creative thinking appear to be sensible to the effects of SD or insufficient sleep 2,5 . EDS a quite common factor in school environments, may appear due to sub optimal duration of nocturnal sleep, besides the SD, leading to a poor academic performance and attention difficulties 2,6 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of sleep disorders in children of a public hospital in São Paulo

Potasz

Juliano

Varela

et al. 2010

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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Objective: To investigate the prevalence of sleep disorders in a sample of children from a public hospital in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Method: 330 children, who came to the clinical laboratory, were consecutively investigated for sleep disorders, using the sleep disturbance scale for children. Gender, age, and social/economical classification were considered. Results: Sleep disordered breathing (SDB) showed higher prevalence in our sample (55%) than in data found in the literature. Prevalence of sleep hyperhydrosis (SHY) was 27% considering the whole sample. Boys and children in age range 7.1 to 11 years old showed higher prevalence for SDB as well as children belonging to lower social/economic classifications who were also more prevalent for disorders in the transition of sleepwakefulness. Conclusion: Sleep disorders were highly prevailing in our study, mostly SDB and SHY which were exceedingly more prevalent in boys in relation to international literature. Key words: children, sleep disorders.Prevalência de distúrbios do sono em crianças de um hospital público em São Paulo RESUMO Objetivo: Investigar a prevalência de distúrbios do sono numa amostra de crianças de um hospital público da cidade de São Paulo, Brasil. Método: 330 crianças que compareceram ao laboratório clínico foram consecutivamente investigadas para a presença de distúrbios do sono, usando-se a Escala de Distúrbios do Sono para crianças. Foram consideradas variáveis como sexo, idade e classificação sócio econômica. Resultados: Os distúrbios respiratórios do sono (DRS) mostraram alta prevalência (55%) em nossa amostra em relação aos dados encontrados na literatura. A prevalência de hiper hidrose do sono (HHS) foi de 27%. Meninos e crianças da faixa etária compreendida entre 7,1 e 11 anos apresentaram prevalências mais altas para distúrbios respiratórios do sono assim como crianças pertencentes às classificações sócio econômicas mais baixas, que também foram mais prevalentes para desordens da transição sono-vigília. Conclusão: Os distúrbios do sono foram altamente presentes em nosso estudo, principalmente DRS e HHS, que foram mais prevalentes nos meninos, comparados com a literatura internacional. Palavras-chave: crianças, distúrbios do sono.

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Sleep disorders and starting time to school impair balance in 5-year-old children

Cited by 11 publications

References 16 publications

Fundamental Movement Skills and Accelerometer-Measured Physical Activity Levels during Early Childhood: A Systematic Review

Fundamental Movement Skills and Accelerometer-Measured Physical Activity Levels during Early Childhood: A Systematic Review

Mouth breathing children have cephalometric patterns similar to those of adult patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

Prevalence of sleep disorders in children of a public hospital in São Paulo

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