Computed tomography in neurocysticercosis a 10-year long evolution analysis of 100 patients with an appraisal of a new classification

-We analyzed cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood serum from 55 patients with neurocysticercosis (NC) at different clinical stages. According to inflammatory activity in the CSF, three stages were identified: (1) reactive, when there was at least an increase in the number of cells; (2) weakly reactive, when significant alterations were found in the CSF, including an increase in gamma globulins, albeit without hypercytosis; (3) non-reactive, when there was neither hypercytosis nor increase in gamma globulins. Nineteen patients had the reactive form; 18 had the weakly reactive form; 18 displayed the non-reactive form.

“…Diagnosis of NC is based on: clinical signs, neuroimaging (CT and MRI) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) 3,4 .…”

Section: Neurocysticercosis (Nc) Results From Taenia Solium Larvae Lomentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Neurocysticercosis (Nc) Results From Taenia Solium Larvae Lomentioning

confidence: 99%

IgG intrathecal synthesis and specific antibody index in patients with neurocysticercosis

Machado

Livramento

Vaz

et al. 2002

“…Machado et al 22 reported a gap of 14 months between the early signs of degeneration of the cysts and the visualization of calcifications.…”

Section: Elisa Igementioning

confidence: 99%

Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of IgG, IgM, IgE and IgA against Cysticercus cellulosae in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with neurocysticercosis

Odashima

Takayanagui

Figueiredo

2002

-The objective of this study was to analyze different immunoglobulins classes (IgG, IgM, IgE and IgA) against Cysticercus cellulosae in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), through enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), correlating them to clinical and tomographic profiles in patients with neurocysticercosis (NCC). Eighty-five specimens of CSF were obtained from 43 cases with NCC (26 with the active form and 17 with the inactive form) and from 42 patients with other neurological diseases. The inactive form of NCC presented a profile in CSF similar to the group without NCC. The active form of NCC presented elevation of specific immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM, IgE, and IgA) in decreasing order, with the highest values being detected among the cases with intraventricular cysts, or with inflammation signs in CSF or in those with multiple clinical manifestations. The highest sensitivity and specificity were obtained with ELISA-IgG (88.5% and 93.2%, respectively). This study confirmed the importance of ELISA in the immunologic diagnosis of NCC.

“…Machado e colaboradores, propuseram uma nova classificação tomográfica procurando estabelecer vínculo entre as imagens observadas à TC e a evolução biológica dos cisticercos 22 . Nosso estudo não caracterizou os diversos estágios da evolução dos cistos, como a presença de edema e captação anular pelo contraste na fase de degeneração, visto não ser nosso objetivo a correlação da atividade da doença com os demais dados clínicos.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Achados tomográficos em 1000 pacientes consecutivos com antecedentes de crises epilépticas

Trentin

Teive

Tsubouchi³

et al. 2002

RESUMO -Analizamos retrospectivamente as tomografias computadorizadas (TC) de crânio de 1000 pacientes consecutivos, com história clínica de crises epilépticas classificadas do ponto de vista clínico em generalizadas (CG) e parciais (CP). Nossos resultados mostraram a presença de CG em 70,7% dos pacientes, sendo 57,1% do sexo masculino e 42,9% do sexo feminino e, CP em 29,3%, sendo 60,0% do sexo maculino e 40,0% do sexo femninino. As faixas etárias de maior incidência foram entre 0 a 10 (31,0%) e 11 a 20 (21,8%) anos nos pacientes com CG e 0 a 10 (24,5%), 21 a 30 (16,7%) e 31 a 40 anos (18,4%) nos pacientes com CP. Os resultados tomográficos no grupo com CG foram: normais (48,8%) e alterados em 51,2%, sendo esses achados definidos como calcificações/cisticercose (14,0%), neurocisticercose/cistos (9,6%) hidrocefalia (4,4%), infarto (4,2%), indefinido (4,0%), tumor (2,5%) entre outros (12,5,%). Nos pacientes com CP os exames tomográficos foram normais em 37,4%, alterados em 62,7%, tendo os diagnósticos de neurocisticercose/cistos (12,2%), calcificações/cisticercose (11,2%), tumor (10,5%), indefinido (8,1%), infarto (5,4%), hidrocefalia (3,7%) e outros (11,6%). Salientamos a importância da TC em pacientes com epilepsia, particularmente para o diagnóstico de neurocisticercose.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: epilepsia, tomografia computadorizada, neurocisticercose.CT findings in 1000 consecutive patients with seizures CT findings in 1000 consecutive patients with seizures CT findings in 1000 consecutive patients with seizures CT findings in 1000 consecutive patients with seizures CT findings in 1000 consecutive patients with seizures ABSTRACT -We analized the cranial computorized tomography scans (CT) of 1000 consecutive patients with the history of seizures. The seizures were classified in generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GS) and partial seizures (PS) on the basis of the clinical semiology, as it was described by the patients and family members. Seizure types were correlated with age group, sex and CT findings. GS were observed in 70.7% of the patients and PS in 29.3 %. An increased incidence of GS was noted among the age groups 0 to 10 yrs (31%) and 11 to 20 yrs (21.8%). For PS the 0 to 10 yrs (24.5 %), 21 to 30 yrs (16.7%) and 31 tp 40 yrs (18.5%) age groups were the most prevalent groups. The CT scan findings for the GS group were the following: normal studies 48.8 % of the patients, calcifications/cysticercosis (14.0%), neurocysticercosis/cysts (9.6 %), hydrocephalus (4.3%), ischemia (4.2 %), non-definite lesions (4.1 %), tumor (2.5%), and others (12.5%). In the PS group we found 37.4% of normal studies, calcifications/cysticercosis (11.2%), neurocysticercosis/cysts (12.2%), tumor (10.5%), ischemia (5.4%), hydrocephalus (3.7%), non-definite lesions (8.1%) and others (11.6%). We emphasize the importance of CT scan imaging in patients presenting with seizures, particularly in the diagnosis of cysticercosis.KEY WORDS: epilepsy, computed tomography, cysticercosis.A determinação da etiologia das crises epilépti-cas mudou significa...