Inquérito epidemiológico de tracoma em escolares no município de Embu das Artes - SP

Abstract

INTRODUÇÃOO tracoma é uma inflamação crônica da conjuntiva e da córnea causada pela Chlamydia trachomatis. A inflamação ativa afeta, principalmente, pré-escolares e escolares, e tem início na forma de conjuntivite folicular, com hipertrofia papilar e infiltração inflamatória na conjuntiva tarsal superior (1) . A doença pode evoluir com o aparecimento de cicatrizes na conjuntiva e nos casos mais graves as cicatrizes se confluem, provocando deformidades nas pálpebras, causando entrópio e triquíase. Essas lesões produzem abrasões corneanas por ação mecânica, podendo levar à perda da visão (1) .

Trachoma prevalence among schoolchildren in the municipality of Turmalina, Minas Gerais state

“…Thus, the prevalence of this disease in the study population was 4.7%. Comparatively, Koizumi et al (14) , in a study carried out in São Paulo (SP), demonstrated a prevalence of 2.2% in this city, while Caninéo et al (14) , in a study carried out in Embu das Artes -SP, found a rate of 3.1%. On the other hand, a household survey carried out with children in the community of Vila Estrutural, a former invasion area in the Brazilian Federal District and under precarious conditions of sanitation, demonstrated a prevalence of 12.5% (15) , wheras in the studies of Lucena et al (16) in Porteira (CE), a rate of 26.2% was observed.…”

“…Lopes et al (17) , in a study from 2002 to 2007 with 119,531 Brazilian schoolchildren from all regions, found an average prevalence of trachoma of 5.0%, being 4.9% of TF, 0.03% of TI and 0.05% of TS. Caninéo et al (14) , while examining 2,374 schoolchidren in the city of Embu das Artes - (19) , studying 1,749 schoolchildren in Bauru (SP), found a prevalence of 3.8%, being 3.7% of TF and 0.06% of TI, not finding cases with sequelae forms. The study carried out by Lucena et al (16) in the village of Serrolândia, city of Ipubi, in Chapada do Araripe (CE), considered an endemic zone of trachoma, showed a prevalence of 20.5%, being 8.6% of TF; 0.2%; of TI, 11.2% of TS and 0.1% of TT; with no cases of CO being found.…”

Perfil Epidemiológico Do Tracoma No Brasil: Uma Revisão De Literatura

“…Com relação a idade, os achados do presente estudo demostraram que a prevalência do tracoma foi maior em crianças de 1 a 9 anos nos estudos de Caninéo et al 14 ., Freitas et al 15 , Luna et al…”

“…, Medina et al 17 e Brito et al, 18 . Além disso, a prevalência da doença ativa diminuiu com o aumento da idade 14,15,16,18 .…”

Prevalence of trachoma and associated factors in students from the Jequitinhonha Valley, Minas Gerais, Brazil

“…In Brazil, during the period known as the "economic miracle" (1950s to 1970s), there was a significant decrease in the detection of trachoma, suggesting that this disease was no longer a public health problem, which led to the misguided belief that the disease had been eradicated 6,7 . However, epidemiological research shows that trachoma persists in the country as a public health problem, and should be considered as a possible diagnosis when patients present with acute and/or chronic conjunctival inflammation [8][9][10][11][12] .…”