Enhancement of clover growth by inoculation of P-solubilizing fungi and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

Abstract

This study evaluated the synergism between several P-solubilizing fungi isolates and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to improve clover (Trifolium pratense) growth in the presence of Araxá apatite. Clover was sown directly in plastic pots with 300g of sterilized washed sand, vermiculite and sepiolite 1:1:1 (v:v:v) as substrate, and grown in a controlled environment chamber. The substrate was fertilized with 3 g L −1 of Araxá apatite. A completely randomized design, in 8 × 2 factorial scheme (eight P-solubilizing fungi treatments with or without arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi) and four replicates were used. The P-solubilizing fungi treatments consisted of five Brazilian P-solubilizing fungi isolates (PSF 7, 9, 20, 21 and 22), two Spanish isolates (Aspergillus niger and the yeast Yarowia lipolytica) and control (non-inoculated treatment). The greatest clover growth rate was recorded when Aspergillus niger and PSF 21 were co-inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Aspergillus niger, PSF 7 and PSF 21 were the most effective isolates on increasing clover growth in the presence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Greater mycorrhizal colonization resulted in greater clover growth rate in most PSF treatments. PSF 7 was the best isolate to improve the establishment of mycorrhizal and rhizobia symbiosis.

Response of PSM Inoculation to Certain Legumes and Cereal Crops

“…Apart from forming relationship with PGPR, PSM has also been found to establish associative/symbiotic association with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM)-fungi (Wang et al 2011) and facilitate plant growth (Osorio and Habte 2013) including legumes (Souchie et al 2010). Mycorrhizal interactions are ubiquitous and improve plant fitness and soil quality by (1) increasing the nutrient uptake from soil; (2) facilitating uptake of relatively immobile trace elements such as, Zn, Cu, and Fe; (3) increasing protection against biotic and abiotic stresses; and (4) forming soil aggregate (Turnau et al 2006;Lingua et al 2008;Garg and Chandel 2010).…”

“…The interactive effect of PS organisms with AM fungi on legume development and yield is discussed briefly in the following section. Souchie et al (2010) in a study evaluated the synergism between several PS fungi and AM fungi to improve clover growth in the presence of Araxá apatite. The combination of A. niger and PSF 21 in the presence of AM fungi showed greatest clover growth; however, A. niger, PSF 7, and PSF 21 were found most effective fungal cultures in increasing clover growth when used with AM fungi.…”

Does calcined bone meal serve as phosphate for pastures in family farming?

“…Microorganisms isolated from Amazonian soils present this capacity due to the production of 2-ketogluconic acid, for example (Chagas Júnior et al, 2010;Souchie et al, 2010). The particularities of Amazonian soils indicate that the adoption of agroforestry systems in the context of family farming can promote the maintenance of soil fertility (Menezes et al, 2008;Silva et al, 2011).…”

Isolation and selection of P-solubilizing and IAA-synthesizing microorganisms from the rhizosphere of Guanandi (Calophyllum brasiliensis)

“…This effect is attributed to mechanisms such as biological nitrogen fixation (BNF); the production of growth-regulating substances, antibiotics and siderophores; and the solubilization of nutrients such as phosphorus (P) (Hayat et al, 2010). Plant growth promoting bacteria and fungi may have potential use as inoculants because they (Sahin et al, 2004;Souchie et al, 2010).…”

“…Solubilizing microorganism populations are quite large in rhizospheric soil and include bacteria of the genera Rhizobium, Enterobacter, Serratia, Citrobacter, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, Burkholderia and Achromobacter, among others (Rodríguez et al, 2006). The use of these microorganisms as inoculants for crops of interest is a viable alternative (Mamta et al, 2010;Souchie et al, 2010;Qureshi et al, 2012).…”