In vitro and in vivo antiproliferative activity of Calotropis procera stem extracts

Abstract

The cytotoxic potential of stem organic extracts from Calotropis procera (Asclepiadaceae) was firstly evaluated against cancer cell lines by MTT assay. Subsequently, samples considered cytotoxic were tested for antimitotic activity on sea urchin egg development and for in vivo antiproliferative activity in mice bearing Sarcoma 180 tumor. Among the five extracts (hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol), ethyl acetate and acetone extracts displayed higher cytotoxic potential against tumor cells, with IC 50 ranging from 0.8 to 4.4 μg/mL, while methanolic extract was weakly cytotoxic. Cytotoxic extracts also exhibited cell division inhibition capacity by antimitotic assay, revealing IC 50 values lower than 5 μg/mL. In the in vivo antitumor assessments, ethyl acetate-and acetone-treated animals showed tumor growth inhibition ratios of 64.3 and 53.1%, respectively, with reversible toxic effects on liver and kidneys. Further studies are in progress in order to identify C. procera cytotoxic compound(s) and to understand the mechanism of action responsible for this tumor-decreasing potential.

In vitroandin vivoanticancer properties of cucurbitacin isolated fromCayaponia racemosa

“…Herein, we also reported, for the first time, the antitumor activity of compound 1, obtained from C. racemosa, in mice bearing the Sarcoma 180 tumor, a mouse-derived tumor widely exploited in antitumor research in vivo (Sato et al, 2005;Magalhães et al, 2010). Compound 1, either alone or in association, with 5-FU, reduced tumor growth to a similar extent as did the positive control, 5-FU, confirming the in vivo antiproliferative activity of the cucurbitacin.…”

Anti-cancer potential of South Asian plants

“…The organic extracts of stems C. procera have been reported to have cytotoxicity against human leukemia cell line HL-60, human colon cancer cell line HCT-8 and murine melanoma cell line B-16/F10. Stem organic extracts also possess anti-tumor activity against mice bearing Sarcoma 180 tumors 35 . The chemopreventive effects of C. procera latex is reported through the inhibition of different mediators of inflammation with selective cytotoxicity independent of intrinsic pathway of apoptosis against hepatocellular carcinoma in the X15-myc transgenic mouse model 36 .…”

Chromatogram Profiles and Cytotoxic Activity of Irradiated <em>Mahkota Dewa (Phaleria Macrocarpa</em> (Scheff.) Boerl) Leaves

“…This is apparently due to radiation energy causing the samples become soft and brittle, making the chemical components was more easily extracted. According to the American National Cancer Institute quoted by Nor Aini et al [17] and Magalhaes et al [18], an extract exhibits a potent anticancer if the IC 50 value < 30 µg/ml, while according to Mans et al [19], an extract exhibits a potent anticancer if the IC 50 value < 50 µg/ml. Among the extracts, the ethyl acetate extract gave highest cytotoxicity against leukemia L1210 cells (IC 50 10.3 µg/ml) compared to n-hexane extract (12.4 µg/ml) and ethanol extract (IC 50 24.1 µg/ml), so in this experiment, ethyl acetate extract has been chosen to be further separation using column chromatograph.…”