Surveillance programs for detection and characterization of emergent pathogens and antimicrobial resistance: results from the Division of Infectious Diseases, UNIFESP

Abstract

Several epidemiological changes have occurred in the pattern of nosocomial and community acquired infectious diseases during the past 25 years. Social and demographic changes possibly related to this phenomenon include a rapid population growth, the increase in urban migration and movement across international borders by tourists and immigrants, alterations in the habitats of animals and arthropods that transmit disease, as well as the raise of patients with impaired host defense abilities. Continuous surveillance programs of emergent pathogens and antimicrobial resistance are warranted for detecting in real time new pathogens, as well as to characterize molecular mechanisms of resistance. In order to become more effective, surveillance programs of emergent pathogens should be organized as a multicenter laboratory network connected to the main public and private infection control centers. Microbiological data should be integrated to guide therapy, adapting therapy to local ecology and resistance patterns. This paper presents an overview of data generated by the Division of Infectious Diseases, Federal University of São Paulo, along with its participation in different surveillance programs of nosocomial and community acquired infectious diseases.

Enterobacteriaceae ISOLATES FROM THE ORAL CAVITY OF WORKERS IN A BRAZILIAN ONCOLOGY HOSPITAL

“…The support team maintains the infrastructure necessary for the hospital's operation 34 . These workers can spread microorganisms, and their identification as possible reservoirs and sources of infectious agents is an important measure to prevent and control HAIs 6 .…”

Temporal Interplay between Efflux Pumps and Target Mutations in Development of Antibiotic Resistance in Escherichia coli

“…Our present understanding of the resistance development process is mostly based on data derived from surveillance studies or retrospective studies performed on clinical isolates (1,7,27). While these studies are widely accepted for detecting resistance emergence from the epidemiological standpoint, they are not very informative on the process of resistance development.…”

Perfil Dos Trabalhadores De Um Hospital Oncológico Colonizados Na Cavidade Bucal Por Enterobacteriaceae

“…O ambiente da assistência à saúde apresenta inúmeros riscos que o tornam insalubre, propício ao processo de colonização e ao desenvolvimento de infecções por diferentes micro-organismos (4,9). Inseridos neste cenário, estão os trabalhadores dos serviços de saúde (TSS), os quais, por uma combinação de fatores, são vulneráveis à condição de portadores de bactérias patogênicas como as Enterobacteriaceae (7,23).…”