Computer simulations for biological aging and sexual reproduction

Stauffer, Dietrich; Oliveira, Paulo Murilo Castro de; Oliveira, S. Moss de; Penna, T. J. P.; Martins, J. S. Sá

doi:10.1590/s0001-37652001000100003

Cited by 20 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 47 publications

(57 reference statements)

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“…The Penna model has been successfully used to investigate the advantages of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction [2][3] [4][5] [6][7] [8], certain features of ecology [9] and population dynamics [10][11] [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monte Carlo simulation and statistical analysis of genetic information coding

Gultepe¹,

Kurnaz²

2005

Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications

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The rules that specify how the information contained in DNA codes amino acids, is called "the genetic code". Using a simplified version of the Penna nodel, we are using computer simulations to investigate the importance of the genetic code and the number of amino acids in Nature on population dynamics. We find that the genetic code is not a random pairing of codons to amino acids and the number of amino acids in Nature is an optimum under mutations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monte Carlo simulation and statistical analysis of genetic information coding

Gultepe¹,

Kurnaz²

2005

Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications

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“…In this paper we use the sexual Penna model introduced by Bernardes [12,13] which corresponds to a reproductive regime of diploid organisms, the population being divided into males and females. These age structured models are very useful to represent and study some important characteristics in the evolution of populations [14].…”

Section: The Penna Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary model with genetics, aging, and knowledge

Bustillos

Oliveira

2004

Phys. Rev. E

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We represent a process of learning by using bit strings, where 1-bits represent the knowledge acquired by individuals. Two ways of learning are considered: individual learning by trial-and-error; and social learning by copying knowledge from other individuals, or from parents in the case of species with parental care. The age-structured bit string allows us to study how knowledge is accumulated during life and its influence over the genetic pool of a population after many generations. We use the Penna model to represent the genetic inheritance of each individual. In order to study how the accumulated knowledge influences the survival process, we include it to help individuals to avoid the various death situations. Modifications in the Verhulst factor do not show any special feature due to its random nature. However, by adding years to life as a function of the accumulated knowledge, we observe an improvement of the survival rates while the genetic fitness of the population becomes worse. In this latter case, knowledge becomes more important in the last years of life where individuals are threatened by diseases. Effects of offspring overprotection and differences between individual and social learning can also be observed. Sexual selection as a function of knowledge shows some effects when fidelity is imposed.

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“…Kirkwood (2005) summarized this theory of aging and many other ones, and specific computer models of aging and death were reviewed , Stauffer et al 2001, such as the Penna model (Penna 1995, Moss de Oliveira et al 1996, Stauffer 2007, and the oldest-old effect . A mathematical argument against immortality was recently given in this sense (de Oliveira 2007a(de Oliveira , 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%