ILITIA: telehealth architecture for high-risk gestation classification

Abstract

Introduction: According to the World Health Organization, about 9.2% of the 28 million newborns worldwide are stillborn. Besides, about 358,000 women died due to complications related to pregnancy in 2015. Part of these deaths could have been avoided with improving prenatal care agility to recognize problems during pregnancy. Based on that, many efforts have been made to provide technologies that can contribute to offer better access to information and assist in decision-making. In this context, this work presents an architecture to automate the classification and referral process of pregnant women between the basic health units and the referral hospital through a Telehealth platform. Methods: The Telehealth architecture was developed in three components: The data acquisition component, responsible for collecting and inserting data; the data processing component, which is the core of the architecture implemented using expert systems to classify gestational risk; and the post-processing component, in charge of the delivery and analysis of cases. Results: Acceptance test, system accuracy test based on rules and performance test were realized. For the tests, 1,380 referral forms of real situations were used. Conclusion: On the results obtained with the analysis of real data, ILITIA, the developed architecture has met the requirements to assist medical specialists on gestational risk classification, which decreases the inconvenience of pregnant women displacement and the resulting costs.

Application of Artificial Intelligence in Screening for Adverse Perinatal Outcomes—A Systematic Review

“…AI has been applied to many different aspects of perinatal medicine. The included studies described AI applications in predicting general pregnancy risk characteristics, prenatal diagnoses, pregnancy hypertension disorder, fetal growth, stillbirth, gestational diabetes, preterm deliveries, the delivery route, and other conditions [ 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 ]. The studies were divided into n...…”

Pemanfaatan Sistem Telehealth Berbasis Web Pada Ibu Hamil : Kajian Literatur

“…Teknologi yang dimaksud adalah teknologi yang mampu menggabungkan pemeriksaan selama proses kehamilan pada ibu hamil yang tempat tinggalnya berada pada jarak yang cukup jauh ke unit kesehatan setempat dan rumah sakit rujukan melalui telekomunikasi kesehatan atau disebut telehealth (ILITIA). 7 Telehealth ILITIA dimaksudkan sebagai penghubung antara pasien dengan Rumah sakit walaupun tidak bertatap muka, sehingga ibu hamil bisa langsung mengetahui keadaan kehamilannya. Telehealth ILITIA dikembangkan menjadi tiga komponen pengelompokan ibu dengan resiko tinggi (yang diadopsi dari Kementerian Kesehatan Brasil, 2012), yaitu (1) 7 Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh, dapat disimpulkan bahwa sistem telehealth ILITIA dengan tiga komponen pengelompokkan ibu hamil beresiko tinggi tersebut dinyatakan akurat dan telah memenuhi persyaratan untuk membantu spesialis medis dalam klasifikasi risiko kehamilan, yang mengurangi ketidaknyamanan rujukan pada ibu hamil dan biaya yang dikeluarkan.…”

“…Pada penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Fernandes, et al (2017) menyimpulkan telehealth ILITIA dengan tiga komponen pengelompokkan ibu hamil beresiko tinggi dinyatakan akurat dan telah memenuhi persyaratan untuk membantu spesialis medis dalam mengklasifikasi risiko kehamilan, yang mengurangi ketidaknyamanan rujukan pada ibu hamil dan biaya yang dikeluarkan. 7 Pemanfaatan telehealth pada ibu hamil lainnya seperti hasil penelitian yang dilakukan oleh (Geidam, Prasad, & Bello, 2015) dimana telemedicine memiliki manfaat yang sangat besar di sektor perawatan kesehatan Ibu dan anak (CMHC) yang dapat menghubungkan antara tenaga medis di Rumah Sakit ke daerahdaerah terpencil yang kekurangan fasilitas medis canggih.di daerah pedesaan Negara Bagian Yobe12 Pemanfaatan telehealth lainnya pada penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Kasthurirathne et al, (2018), yaitu telehealth /telemedicine bermanfaat menyediakan perawatan medis lintas ruang dan waktu melalui teknologi telekomunikasi dari telepon ke robotika untuk perawatan terhadap ibu hamil di Amerika Serikat. 16 Berikutnya, Malihe and Ayatollahi (2017) melalui penelitiannya menunjukkan bahwa selain menggambarkan teknologi telemedicine yang berbeda dalam perawatan kehamilan, keuntungan dan kerugian menggunakan teknologi ini pada kehamilan berisiko tinggi termasuk kepuasan pasien, kualitas peningkatan perawatan, pengurangan biaya dan komunikasi yang cepat antara staf klinis.…”

Web and mobile-based technologies for monitoring high-risk pregnancies

“…In the field of pregnancy, telecare can be used to identify problems at the early stages and to provide therapeutic advices to prevent further complications and early delivery. The goal of using telecare is to improve the outcome of high-risk pregnancies, to reduce the number of newborns hospitalised in the neonatal intensive care unit and to reduce the number of hospital visits 5. For example, a short message service (SMS-based) alert system was used in Rwanda to care for diabetic pregnant women and improved access to maternal and neonatal healthcare services 6.…”

“…The goal of using telecare is to improve the outcome of high-risk pregnancies, to reduce the number of newborns hospitalised in the neonatal intensive care unit and to reduce the number of hospital visits. 5 For example, a short message service (SMS-based) alert system was used in Rwanda to care for diabetic pregnant women and improved access to maternal and neonatal healthcare services. 6 Similarly, Web and SMS-based technologies were used in Spain to care for diabetic pregnant women.…”