Circulating early biomarkers of atherogenesis in participants of the Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) without diabetes or cardiovascular disease

Abstract

Objective: Our aim was to describe the distribution of selected biomarkers according to age and sex, adjusted for HOMA-IR and adiposity, in a subset of middle-aged individuals of Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health-ELSA without diabetes mellitus or CVD. Subjects and methods: This crosssectional study was conducted in 998 participants of the ELSA-Brasil without diabetes and/or cardiovascular disease. In addition to the traditional risk factors, several biomarkers concentrations were compared according to sex, age groups (35-44; 45-54 yrs) and HOMA-IR tertiles. Linear regression was used to examine independent associations of sex and age with selected novel biomarkers, adjusted for body adiposity and HOMA-IR. Results: Fifty-five percent were women. Men had higher mean values of body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, plasma glucose, HOMA-IR, worse lipid profile and higher E-selectin and lower leptin concentrations than women; while women had higher levels of HDL-cholesterol and leptin than men. Mean values of waist circumference, systolic BP, plasma glucose and apolipoprotein B (Apo B) increased with age in both sexes. Leptin and E-selectin concentrations increased across HOMA-IR tertiles. Independent associations of Apo B with age were found only in male sex, while of leptin with body mass index and HOMA-IR, and of E-selectin with HOMA-IR in both sexes. Conclusions: In conclusion, our data indicate age, sex, adiposity and, consequently, insulin resistance, influence circulating levels of Apo B, leptin and E-selectin, suggesting that those aspects should be taken into consideration when assessing these parameters for research or clinical purposes in individuals at relatively low cardiometabolic risk. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2016;60(6):573-81

Adiponectin and leptin levels in migraineurs: Results from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil)

“…17 We reinforce that high leptin levels were independently associated to the presence of MA, particularly in women, regardless of obesity and metabolic syndrome. Previously, ELSA-Brasil investigators have reported higher leptin levels in female sex, 26 which is in agreement with previous literature. 19…”

“…Of note, our kit dosed the total level of adiponectin without differentiating its isoforms. 26 For adiponectin, the three outliers were concentrated in the reference group. For leptin, the few outliers ( n = 2) were concentrated in the subgroups of MO and MA.…”

“…[23][24][25] A random sample of 1000 individuals without diabetes and cardiovascular disease aged between 35 years and 54 years was drawn from 5061 participants of the ELSA-Brasil baseline in São Paulo Center to investigate associations of biomarkers of atherogenesis. 26 Of them, 872 participants had adiponectin and leptin levels determined. Fifty-two participants were excluded due to the use of lipid-lowering medication.…”

Insulin-Leptin Axis, Cardiometabolic Risk and Oxidative Stress in Elderly with Metabolic Syndrome

“…BMI was the relevant predictor of leptin, ILR, and IAR-index values in all study groups. We can include our results within findings of a large group of recent studies linking leptin with the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and MS [27,28,37,38]. In morbidly obese subjects, there were significantly higher plasma leptin and leptin-to-adiponectin ratio, as well as, additionally lower concentrations of plasma leptin receptors, which indicate leptin resistance, future risk of insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes [39].…”

“…The serum markers of adipose tissue secretory function are valuable for the study of relationships between the intricate mechanisms of metabolic stress, oxidative stress, and ageing [5,25,26]. Furthermore, new research suggests that even in euglycemic patients with early insulin resistance or in subjects with modest obesity and early metabolic dysfunction, serum adipokines have specific roles in the regulation of adipose tissue macrophages, and should be taken into consideration when assessing the cardiometabolic risk [27][28][29].…”