Mini-implants and miniplates generate sub-absolute and absolute anchorage

Abstract

The functional demand imposed on bone promotes changes in the spatial properties of osteocytes as well as in their extensions uniformly distributed throughout the mineralized surface. Once spatial deformation is established, osteocytes create the need for structural adaptations that result in bone formation and resorption that happen to meet the functional demands. The endosteum and the periosteum are the effectors responsible for stimulating adaptive osteocytes in the inner and outer surfaces.Changes in shape, volume and position of the jaws as a result of skeletal correction of the maxilla and mandible require anchorage to allow bone remodeling to redefine morphology, esthetics and function as a result of spatial deformation conducted by orthodontic appliances. Examining the degree of changes in shape, volume and structural relationship of areas where mini-implants and miniplates are placed allows us to classify mini-implants as devices of subabsolute anchorage and miniplates as devices of absolute anchorage.

Biomechanical analysis of distalization of mandibular molars by placing a mini-plate: A finite element study

“…In studies comparing skeletal Class II correction with headgears, mini-screws and mini-plates, the application of skeletal anchorage elicits greater changes within the anterior skeletal regions with less anchorage loss and the application of mini-plates can be used to implement absolute intrusion of maxillary molars. 27 Because the mandible has the unfavorable anatomical structure than that of the maxilla for teeth movement, more stable skeletal anchorage such as a mini-plate 28 should be considered preferentially for orthodontic treatment cases in which lower molar distalization and/or intrusion is being considered. With these possibilities, appropriate force application and positioning combined with effective anchorage can favor teeth movement in the mandible.…”

Ions release Evaluation and Changes in Mini-implant Orthodontic Surface

“…6,7 Dental implants and orthodontic miniscrews provide stationary or absolute anchorage, important for orthodontic success. 8,9 The orthodontic miniscrews are used in orthodontics with a high success rate, 10 with multiple sites of application, quite simple installation, reduction of the risk of surgical trauma and minimum time of osseointegration prior to the application of orthodontic forces. 9,11 Therefore, stability is directly related to biological factors related to bone quality.…”

“…8,9 The orthodontic miniscrews are used in orthodontics with a high success rate, 10 with multiple sites of application, quite simple installation, reduction of the risk of surgical trauma and minimum time of osseointegration prior to the application of orthodontic forces. 9,11 Therefore, stability is directly related to biological factors related to bone quality. 9,12 Nevertheless, peri-implant inflammation is the main cause of loss of these devices, and the release of metallic 911 JCDP ions is one of the main causes.…”

“…9,11 Therefore, stability is directly related to biological factors related to bone quality. 9,12 Nevertheless, peri-implant inflammation is the main cause of loss of these devices, and the release of metallic 911 JCDP ions is one of the main causes. 13 Commercially pure titanium is widely used in the manufacture of dental implants, since it is considered chemically inert, presenting low corrosion and excellent biocompatibility.…”

Orthodontic camouflage of skeletal Class III malocclusion with miniplate: a case report

“… 8 , 9 However, in patients with moderate skeletal and dental discrepancies, miniplates are the treatment of choice to improve anchorage and eliminate the possibility of contact between implant screws and tooth roots during tooth movement, as it can occur with mini-implants. 2 , 8 , 10 , 11 …”