Agrupamento e caracterização anatômica da madeira de espécies nativas da Floresta Ombrófila Mista

Abstract

Resumo Na Floresta Ombrófila Mista adicionalmente à diversidade florística, estudos sobre a diversidade anatômica da madeira de espécies nativas são interessantes pois permitem ampliar nosso conhecimento sobre a flora local. Portanto, este trabalho objetivou caracterizar anatomicamente e avaliar as similaridades e as principais características anatômicas que variam entre a madeira de 14 espécies nativas da Floresta Ombrófila Mista, de acordo com IAWA (1989). Foram utilizadas 14 variáveis anatômicas para aplicar os métodos de similaridade de Manhattan e Análise de Componentes Principais (PCA). Como resultados, pode-se observar que as espécies apresentam características comuns, como a porosidade difusa e pontoações intervasculares alternas. Além disso, a presença de fibras septadas e parênquima axial escasso em 50% das madeiras, foram características marcantes para as espécies da região. Quanto à similaridade, observou-se a divisão das mesmas pelas dimensões dos raios, vasos e pontoções. No PCA, destacaram-se o diâmetro do vaso, largura e altura do raio, a altura do raio em número de células, as pontoações intervasculares e raio-vasculares. Pode-se concluir que, mesmo com a grande diversidade anatômica é possível diferenciar a madeira das espécies da Floresta Ombrófila Mista, que ocorrem naturalmente na região do Planalto Catarinense.

Effect of carbonization on wood anatomy of three Fabaceae species from an Araucaria forest stand in Southern Brazil

“…In Inga vera wood, mean vessel diameter was 129 µm, similar to all species of the genus Inga published in Inside Wood, along with the study of Ortega et al (1988), who also analyzed Inga vera. Furthermore, the results of this study are comparable to those reported by Richter and Dallwitz (2000), with values varying from 60-130-200 µm, for material collected in Mexico, and those reported by Vieira et al (2019), with a mean value of 141 µm. In Machaerium paraguariense wood, mean vessel diameter was 107 µm, within the range presented in Inside Wood for the same genus.…”

“…Decrease in vessel density was observed in wood from the regions near the pith towards the bark, with statistical significance from the intermediate to near pith region, except in Machaerium paraguariense, which had differences between the regions near the bark towards intermediate (33.3 %). In Inga vera wood, mean vessel density was 6, similar to the numbers reported by Richter and Dallwitz (2000) and Vieira et al (2019). In wood from Machaerium paraguariense, the mean value observed was comparable to that reported by Vieira et al (2019), while for Muellera campestris it was similar to that reported by Marchiori et al (2009), Richter and Dallwitz (2000) and Vieira (2017).…”

“…In Inga vera wood, mean vessel density was 6, similar to the numbers reported by Richter and Dallwitz (2000) and Vieira et al (2019). In wood from Machaerium paraguariense, the mean value observed was comparable to that reported by Vieira et al (2019), while for Muellera campestris it was similar to that reported by Marchiori et al (2009), Richter and Dallwitz (2000) and Vieira (2017).…”

“…In Inga vera wood, mean ray frequency was 8 / mm, in the range reported by Richter and Dallwitz (2000) and Vieira et al (2019). In Machaerium paraguariense, mean ray frequency was 7 / mm, higher than what was observed by Vieira et al (2019). For Muellera campestris, 9 rays / mm were observed, lower than what was reported by Marchiori et al (2009), who found mean ray frequency of 12 (10-15) in wood from Rio Grande do Sul, and similar to the value obtained by Vieira (2017).…”

“…Only the near pith region of Machaerium paraguariense had a value lower (12.5 %) than that presented by the other regions. In Inga vera wood, mean ray frequency was 8 / mm, in the range reported by Richter and Dallwitz (2000) and Vieira et al (2019). In Machaerium paraguariense, mean ray frequency was 7 / mm, higher than what was observed by Vieira et al (2019).…”