Modernizações seletivas e os circuitos espaciais da economia urbana: cidades e prisões no atual período tecnológico

Abstract

No atual período técnico-científico e informacional, as relações entre o território das cidades e as prisões são bastante complexas. Elas constituem-se a partir de diferentes circuitos espaciais para além dos limites contíguos do entorno imediato das prisões. Como instrumentos de controle e punição, as prisões são hoje em dia objetos centrais em diversas práticas de uso e configuração do território das cidades. A articulação das prisões com cidades contíguas ou distantes estabelece múltiplas conexões geográficas, hoje possíveis pelas características dos atuais sistemas de transportes e comunicações. No entanto, a implantação dessas redes e dos circuitos espaciais ocorre de forma parcial, por conta de modernizações seletivas e incompletas. As prisões, ao promoverem essas modernizações seletivas no território das cidades, também participam da reprodução ampliada do capital no período contemporâneo.

Dispersion of Lutzomyia longipalpis and expansion of visceral leishmaniasis in São Paulo State, Brazil: identification of associated factors through survival analysis

“…In 2013, Brazil had more than 500,000 prisoners, with approximately 40% of this total population residing in SP and, in order to deal with this surplus demand, the State decided at the end of the 1990’s to build large prisons in the interior of the State. From then on, especially between 1998 and the middle of the following decade, the number of prisons in SP increased considerably, so that most of the prison units in Brazil are now located in SP [ 25 ]. This growth occurred in small and medium-sized cities, especially in the western region of SP [ 24 ].…”

“…Since the prisoners serve their sentences in municipalities different from their origins, the families of the prisoners often move to visit them mainly on the weekends, constituting themselves to floating populations. In addition, if these relatives choose to stay in the municipality, some of these populations may be characterized by temporary migrants [ 24 , 25 ].…”

“…Other factors related to migratory flow that could be related to the dispersion of the vector and the expansion of the disease in SP are the presence of the Euclides da Cunha highway [ 18 ], proximity to the Mato Grosso do Sul and Minas Gerais currencies [ 10 , 16 , 21 , 22 ], presence of the Tietê River [ 23 ] and presence of prisons; however, there is no known association between the presence of prisons and VL dispersion and occurrence in the literature. In the current context of Brazilian prisons, the institutions have been identified as triggers of population movement and migration [ 24 , 25 ]. The connection of the Tietê River to the dispersion and occurrence of VL could be related to the fact that it is a waterway and natural recreational area, which facilitates the movement of people.…”