2021
DOI: 10.1590/1984-3143-ar2020-0048
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Abstract: This review focuses on the innate immune events modulated by conceptus signaling during early pregnancy in ruminants. Interferon-tau (IFN-τ) plays a role in the recognition of pregnancy in ruminants, which involves more than the inhibition of luteolytic pulses of PGF2α to maintain corpus luteum function. For successful pregnancy establishment, the allogenic conceptus needs to prevent rejection by the female. Therefore, IFN-τ exerts paracrine and endocrine actions to regulate the innate immune system and preven… Show more

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Cited by 20 publications
(9 citation statements)
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References 111 publications
(162 reference statements)
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“…The immune system in the endometrium of ruminants, which protects the uterus against infections [ 37 ], must also be controlled to prevent embryo rejection [ 38 ]. The percentage of diverse populations of endometrial and circulating leukocytes is varied in cattle during mid-and late pregnancy [ 39 ], indicating a complicated control in ruminants, as in other animals with an invasive form of implantation.…”
Section: The Role Of Maternal Msc In Embryo Implantationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The immune system in the endometrium of ruminants, which protects the uterus against infections [ 37 ], must also be controlled to prevent embryo rejection [ 38 ]. The percentage of diverse populations of endometrial and circulating leukocytes is varied in cattle during mid-and late pregnancy [ 39 ], indicating a complicated control in ruminants, as in other animals with an invasive form of implantation.…”
Section: The Role Of Maternal Msc In Embryo Implantationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Also, IFNT and IFNA dose-dependently decreased lymphocyte proliferation (Fair, 2016;Skopets et al, 1992) and changed the number, distribution, and activity of NK cells on Day 16 of pregnancy (Oliveira et al, 2013). An essential component from the innate immune response that is mainly changed on Day 18 of pregnant heifers is the pattern recognition receptors (PRR) (Rocha et al, 2021), which suggest that these proteins are not only modulated during sperm recognition by the female immune system (Akthar et al, 2020;Elesh et al, 2021;Ezz et al, 2019) but also has an essential role during early pregnancy (Rocha et al, 2021). This review will focus on studies that provided the importance of PMNs during pregnancy.…”
Section: Immunological Changes During Maternal Recognition Of Pregnancymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Non-pregnant cows had higher gene expression of cluster of differentiation (CD) 62L (CD62L), CD11b, and IL8 (Manjari et al, 2016). PMNs respond to IFNT around day 14 of pregnancy, earlier than other immune cells, and with much stronger gene expression (Melo et al, 2020;Shirasuna et al, 2012), implying that these cells are more sensitive to IFNT (Rocha et al, 2021;Toji et al, 2017). ISGs has antiviral, antiproliferative, and possibly immunosuppressive roles.…”
Section: Maternal Recognition Of Pregnancy and Neutrophilsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Conceptus signal (IFNT) and high concentrations of P4 contribute to immunological forbearance through regulating innate immune system in the uterus, peripheral immune cells and other tissues during early pregnancy in ru-minants (Ott, 2020). Interferon tau, with its paracrine and endocrine actions, adjusts the maternal innate immune system and avoids conceptus rejection, and other immune regulators, such as the pattern recognition receptors, work in parallel with IFNT during early pregnancy in ruminants (Rocha et al, 2021). Pattern recognition receptors contribute to the activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) to result in the downstream activation of innate immune responses (Heilmann et al, 2017).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%