The emerald green tetra: a new restricted-range Hyphessobrycon (Characiformes: Characidae) from the upper rio Juruena, Chapada dos Parecis, Brazil

Abstract

A new species of Hyphessobrycon is described from the rio Mutum, a tributary of the rio Juruena, rio Tapajós basin, Brazil. The new taxon can be distinguished from its congeners by the presence of a well-defined and relatively narrow dark midlateral stripe on body, extending from head to the middle caudal-fin rays, presence of a humeral blotch, distal profile of the anal fin falcate in males, 13-16 branched anal-fin rays (vs. 17-26), and 11 or 12 horizontal scale rows around caudal peduncle. The new species shows polymorphism regarding the presence of the adipose fin, and a discussion on this type of polymorphism across the family and its systematic implications is presented.

Phylogenomics of trans-Andean tetras of the genus Hyphessobrycon Durbin 1908 (Stethaprioninae: Characidae) and colonization patterns of Middle America

“…The characoid genus Hyphessobrycon Durbin 1908 (Characidae: Stethaprioninae) is a representative example of this taxonomic uncertainty. This genus is widely distributed from southern Mexico to Mar Chiquita Lagoon in Buenos Aires, Argentina and includes more than 160 valid species [15][16][17][18][19][20][21] that represent 24% of the species in the hyperdiverse subfamily Stethaprioninae [21]. The majority of Hyphessobrycon species (~95%) are distributed east of the Andes and are hereafter referred to as cis-Andean species.…”