“…1). These abnormailites have been associated with a broad variety of conditions including, as examples, rearing systems for Eurasian perch, Perca fluviatilis (Alix et al, 2017), larval rearing temperatures for Atlantic halibut, Hippoglossus hippoglossus L. (Ottesen and Bolla, 1998), embryo cryopreservation practices for streaked prochilod, Prochilodus lineatus (Costa et al, 2017), and, in zebrafish, phenanthroline toxicity (Ellis and Crawford, 2016), influenza A virus infection (Gabor et al, 2014), knockdown or KO of genes related to kidney function or development, respectively (Hanke et al, 2013; Zhang et al, 2018), knockdown of the wwox tumor suppressor gene (Tsuruwaka et al, 2015), deletion of a gene ( pr130 ) encoding a protein essential for myocardium formation and cardiac contractile function (Yang et al, 2016), and mutagenesis of genes involved in thyroid morphogenesis and function (Trubiroha et al, 2018), among others. The edemas may ultimately result from many different proximal causes such as cardiac, kidney, liver or osmoregulatory failure, and researchers are just beginning to develop screens to differentiate between them (Hanke et al, 2013).…”