A new species of Panaqolus (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the rio Madeira basin with remarkable intraspecific color variation

Cramer, Christian Andreas; Py‐Daniel, Lúcia H. Rapp

doi:10.1590/1982-0224-20140099

Cited by 1,080 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Panaqolus is widely distributed in the Amazon River, rio Orinoco, and coastal rivers of the Guianas (Lujan et al, 2013). Although previously classified with the large-bodied, wood-eating Panaque (Schaefer & Stewart, 1993;Armbruster, 2004), molecular analyses have shown that these genera are distinct (Cramer et al, 2011;Lujan et al, 2015), and we follow previous taxonomic studies that also recognize Panaqolus (Lujan et al, 2013;Cramer, 2014;Cramer & Rapp Py-Daniel, 2015). Currently, there are ten valid species of Panaqolus: P. dentex (Günther, 1868), P. purusiensis (LaMonte, 1935), P. albomaculatus (Kanazawa, 1958), P. gnomus (Schaefer & Stewart, 1993), P. maccus (Schaefer & Stewart, 1993), P. nocturnus (Schaefer & Stewart, 1993), P. changae (Chockley & Armbruster, 2002), P. koko Fisch-Muller & Covain, 2012, P. albivermis Lujan, Steele & Valesquez, 2013, and P. nix Cramer & Rapp Py-Daniel, 2015.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…Because of the relative rarity of specimens of Panaqolus, the exact distribution of the genus is unknown, but continues to expand through the discovery of undescribed species (Cramer & Rapp Py-Daniel, 2015). Currently, the range of Panaqolus claustellifer is disjunct from other described species of Panaqolus, but there are other undescribed species from the central Amazon.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Panaqolus koko was not recovered within Panaqolus in this study. Differences in the body shape and dentition of P. koko suggest it may not belong to Panaqolus (FischMuller et al, 2012;Cramer & Rapp Py-Daniel, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Paratypes below 20 mm SL were measured for SL, observed for morphology and coloration when specified, but were not observed for morphometrics and meristics. Morphometric data, jaw angles, and other characters for diagnosis from other Panaqolus species were derived from Lujan et al (2013), Cramer (2014, and Cramer & Rapp Py-Daniel (2015). Bars are long vertical or oblique marks on the body and bands are lines on fins that run parallel with the fin margin per Jenkins & Burkhead (1994).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A new species of Panaqolus (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the rio Branco

2016

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A new species of Panaqolus is described from material from the Takutu River and the mainstem rio Branco. The new species is diagnosed from congeners by its color pattern consisting of dark and light bars on the body, bands on the fins, and with dots and vermiculations absent (vs. no bars in P. albomaculatus, P. nix, P. nocturnus, and P. koko, vs. fins unbanded in P. albomaculatus, P. dentex, P. koko, and P. nix, and vs. dots and vermiculations present in P. albivermis and P. maccus). The new species is diagnosed from barred species of Panaqolus by its specific bar number and orientation and color pattern on its head, with bars oriented in a anteroventral-posterodorsal direction (vs. anterodorsal-posteroventral bars in P. gnomus), having consistently 5 bars (n = 4) on the trunk that do not increase with size (vs. number increasing with size in P. purusiensis and vs. 6-12 in P. changae), and the color pattern on the head of straight lines extending from posterior to the eye to the snout margin, splitting in the middle portion of the line in larger specimens (vs. small, dense reticulate lines in P. changae). Biogeographically, we infer that the new species ancestrally originated in the Amazon river, dispersing to the Takutu River after the Amazon captured part of the Proto-Berbice. Uma espécie nova de Panaqolus é descrita do rio Branco e seu afluente, rio Tacutu. A nova espécie é diagnosticada de suas congêneres pelo padrão de colorido composto por barras escuras e claras alternadas no corpo e nadadeiras, não formando máculas ou vermiculações nas nadadeiras (vs. sem barras no corpo em P. albomaculatus, P. nix, P. nocturnus, e P. koko, e vs. sem barras nas nadadeiras em P. albomaculatus, P. dentex, P. koko, e P. nix, e vs. máculas e vermiculações presentes em P. albivermis e P. maccus). A nova espécie é diagnosticada das espécies de Panaqolus com barras pelo número e orientação das barras e pelo padrão de colorido cefálico, com as barras orientadas posterodorsalmente (vs. posteroventralmente em P. gnomus), pela presença de cinco barras (n = 4) no tronco que não aumentam com o tamanho (vs. número aumentando com o tamanho em P. purusiensis e vs. 6-12 barras em P. changae), e o padrão de colorido cefálico composto por linhas retas da margem posterior do olho à margem do focinho, dividida medianamente em indivíduos maiores (vs. linhas pequenas e vermiculadas em P. changae). Nos inferimos que a nova espécie originou-se ancestralmente no rio Amazonas, dispersando para o rio Tacutu após o Amazonas capturar parte do Proto-Berbice.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A new species of Panaqolus (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the rio Branco

2016

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“…After some debate [1,2,3,4,5,6], Panaqolus Isbrücker & Schraml (2001) is now a well-accepted genus easily separated from Panaque , the former genus of the Panaqolus -species described before 2001, by the absence of a ventrolateral keel on the caudal peduncle (vs. present) and postero-dorsal margin of the supraoccipital plate pointed (vs. margin straight). Currently, eleven species are recognized: Panaqolus albivermis Lujan, Steele & Velasquez, 2013; P .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Species of Tiger Pleco Panaqolus (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the Xingu Basin, Brazil

Cramer

Sousa

2016

PLoS ONE

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Panaqolus tankei is described from the Xingu River, Brazil. The new species is diagnosed from P. albomaculatus, P. dentex, P. nix, P. nocturnus, and P. koko by its color pattern consisting of dark and light diagonal bars on the body and bands on the fins (vs. body and fins without bars or bands); from P. albivermis, P. maccus, and P. purusiensis by the width of the dark bars being more or less the same of the light bars (vs. dark bars at least two or three times wider than light bars) and from P. changae by the absence of vermiculation on the head (vs. vermiculation present on head). The new species differs from P. gnomus by the orientation of the bars from posterodorsal to anteroventral direction (vs. anterodorsal to posteroventral direction), and from P. claustellifer by the orientation of the bands in the dorsal fin that are not parallel to the margin (vs. parallel to the margin). The barcoding region (COI) was sequenced for the new species, sequences were deposited in GenBank and were compared with congeners from other drainages. With regard to the current construction of a hydroelectric power plant (a so-called mega dam) in the Xingu River, herewith we increase knowledge of the river Xingu’s ichthyofauna and, thus improve the assessment of the impacts of that construction on the river.

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