Convergence in alcohol abuse in Brazilian capitals between genders, 2006 to 2019: what population surveys show

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the temporal trend of the prevalence of alcohol abuse among adults in Brazilian capitals, between 2006 and 2019. Methods: Time series study, based on data from the Surveillance System for Risk and Protective Factors for Chronic Diseases by Telephone Survey (Vigitel), between 2006 and 2019. The population consisted of adults (≥ 18 years old) with landline telephone residing in Brazilian capitals. The trend analysis was performed by linear regression. Results: Between 2006 and 2019 there was a significant increase (p = 0.03) in the abusive consumption of alcoholic beverages in the total adult population, from 15.6 to 18.8%. Among men, there was a stability trend (p = 0.96), and among women, there was an increase from 7.7 to 13.3% (p < 0.001; β = 0.295). In the male gender stratified by capitals, from 2006 to 2019 there was a reduction in Belém, Fortaleza, João Pessoa, Macapá, Manaus, Natal, Recife, São Luis, and Teresina. On the other hand, there was growth in the Federal District. Among women, the trend was upward in: Aracaju, Belo Horizonte, Cuiabá, Curitiba, Florianópolis, Goiânia, Palmas, Porto Alegre, Rio de Janeiro, Salvador, São Paulo, Vitória, and the Federal District. Conclusion: The results indicate that more adult women are currently drinking in excess compared to previous years, suggesting an increased risk of alcohol-related harm in this portion of the population in Brazilian capitals, bringing about a convergence effect with the prevalence among men and women.

Abusive Consumption of Alcoholic Beverages and Associated Factors in Brazilian University Students

“…Regarding sex, despite having lost association in the adjusted model, several studies have pointed to an association with abusive consumption of alcoholic beverages (Grucza et al, 2018; Jao et al, 2019; Malta et al, 2021; Rodríguez-Muñoz et al, 2020; Silva et al, 2019), mainly, the increase in consumption by women (Grucza et al, 2018; Rodríguez-Muñoz et al, 2020) which raises some concern, as women seem to be more vulnerable to damage caused by alcohol (Gomes et al, 2018). Although we had a higher proportion of female university students in our study, and there was no association in the adjusted model, we found an indication in the univariate analysis of females to be a protective factor for abusive consumption of alcoholic beverages, different from the trend observed in other studies.…”

“…In addition to socioeconomic variables, we assessed the following behavioral variables: habit of adding salt to food after it was ready (no/yes), eating in front of the TV (no/ yes), consumption of fruits/vegetables (<5 days/week or ≥5 days/week), habit of eating meat with visible fat (no/yes), consumption of sweets (<5 days/week or ≥ 5 days/week), habit of changing the meal (lunch/dinner) for snack (no/yes), time spent sitting (< 3 hours/day or ≥ 3 hours/day), smoking (non-smokers and current smokers), physical activity (insufficiently active or sufficiently active), perceived salt consumption (adequate or high), perception of health status (regular/ bad or good/very good), based on population surveys with Brazilian adults (Brazil, 2014(Brazil, , 2017Malta et al, 2021).…”

Interações potenciais entre medicamentos e medicamentos-álcool em pacientes alcoolistas atendidos por um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial Álcool e Drogas

“…A literatura mostra que os jovens e jovens adultos, incluídos na faixa etária que varia dos 18 aos 29 anos, geralmente estão envolvidos em um consumo excessivo e rápido, podendo evoluir para o uso crônico com os passar dos anos, no entanto, tem se observado uma tendência mundial do aumento do consumo entre os adultos mais velhos, bem como um uso abusivo (Damacena et al, 2016;Topiwala, & Ebmeier, 2018). Em estudo realizado por Malta et al (2021), foi observado um aumento significativo no consumo alcoólico dos indivíduos de 25 a 44 anos e entre aqueles de 55 a 64 anos, o que se assemelha aos achados do presente estudo, onde foi observada uma maior prevalência, entre os pacientes atendimentos na unidade, com média de 49 anos.…”

“…No que diz respeito a elevação do número de adultos que fazem uso crônico de álcool, estudos apontam para uma correlação entre os efeitos de problemas econômicos, por exemplo, perda do emprego e a redução do salário, e o aumento do estresse e do sofrimento psicológico causado por estas ocorrências com o aumento da frequência e da quantidade de álcool ingerido (Malta et al, 2021;Zotesso, Paiva & Marques, 2018), assim como é observado no presente estudo, que apontou maiores porcentagens de pacientes desempregados e com renda mensal menor ou igual a um salário mínimo. Com relação ao índice de idosos alcoolistas, fatores como aposentadoria, perda de amigos, solidão e isolamento social podem torná-los vulneráveis e mais suscetíveis a tal situação (Guidolin et al, 2016).…”

Decrease in Alcohol Use Disorder Hospitalizations in Brazil: What Does It Mean?

“…Recent results of other authors show an increase in alcohol abuse among adults in the main Brazilian capitals. 12 Thus we hypothesize that the decrease in AUD hospitalizations in association with the increase in the number of CAPS means that these patients are receiving treatment in a social environment. This hypothesis is consistent with data indicating advances in the dehospitalization of psychiatric patients in Brazil.…”