Differences in the prevalence of risk factors for severe COVID-19 across regions of São Paulo City

Thomé, Beatriz; Rezende, Leandro F. M.; Schveitzer, Mariana Cabral; Monteiro, Camila Nascimento; Goldbaum, Moisés

doi:10.1590/1980-549720200087

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…An estimate obtained in a nationally representative Brazilian household-based health survey pointed out that 34% of adults present at least one risk factor for severe COVID-19 (22) . In São Paulo city, the prevalence of one or more risk factors for severe COVID-19 was 56%, with a higher prevalence among less educated adults (86%) compared to those with a university education (49%); a similar distribution was seen according to income or race (23) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

High prevalence of food insecurity, the adverse impact of COVID-19 in Brazilian favela

Manfrinato

Marino

Condé

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Objective: To investigate food insecurity prevalence in two favelas in Brazil in the early weeks from physical distancing policy, between March 27, 2020 to June 1, 2020. Design: A cross-sectional study using online questionnaire to elicit information on socioeconomic and demographic characteristics, the types of stores visited to buy food and food insecurity screening. Experience of food insecurity was collected according to the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale. Factors associated with moderate or severe food insecurity were investigated using the logistic regression model. Setting: Sao Paulo city, Brazil. Participants: 909 householders. Results: 88% of the households included young women working as cleaners or kitchen assistants and in sales services. One-fifth of the participants were recieving federal cash transfer programme, called Bolsa Familia. There were 92% households with children. The most frequent experience reported was uncertainty about food acquisition or receiving more (89%), to eat less than one should (64%), not being able to eat healthy and nutritious food (46%), and skipping a meal (39%). 47% of the participants experienced moderate or severe food insecurity. Factors associated with moderate and severe food insecurity were low income, being Bolsa Familia recipient, a low level of education, and households without children. Conclusions: Half of the participants experienced moderate or severe food insecurity, and close to ten per cent was hungry. Our data suggest that families with children were at lower risk of moderate to severe food insecurity. It is possible that nationally established social programs like Bolsa Familia were protecting those families.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

High prevalence of food insecurity, the adverse impact of COVID-19 in Brazilian favela

Manfrinato

Marino

Condé

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Additionally, in Brazil only 94% of the poor population has no private health plan while for the richer population only 36% has no private health plan, making it necessary to take government decisions that expand measures at the level of infrastructure or social isolation in places with higher poverty (PIRES et al, 2020). For example, in the research of Thomé et al (2020) for the of São Paulo, places with lower socioeconomic level presented greater chronic diseases risk factors, less access to self-care resources and health services. in which the number of deaths by COVID-19 was higher (THOMÉ et al, 2020).…”

Section: Gini Health Infrastructure and Confirmed/deaths Cases Correl...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Social inequality and the SARS-CoV-2 in Brazil: How prepared are Brazilâ€™s municipalities in health infrastructure to tackle the disease?

Moreira

Montoya

Araujo

et al. 2021

RICA

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The emergence of new diseases such as SARS-CoV-2 is a reflection of the expansion of anthropic activities on natural ecosystems. The first case in Brazil was reported in February and the number of confirmed cases and the death rate is increasing at an alarming rate. In this context, this study aims to answer two main questions: is social inequality related to SARS-CoV-2 confirmed cases and death rate and how distributed is the health infrastructure in Brazil to tackle the SARS-CoV-2 disease, relating directly to the third UNâ€™s Sustainable Development Goal, Good Health and Well-being. To this purpose, the researchers applied the Moranâ€™s Bivariate Local Spatial Autocorrelation Index to assess the relationship between Gini coefficient with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 cases and the death rate of the disease and the Global Moran Index to assess the distribution of health infrastructure to tackle the disease. We focused on obtaining results that allow decision-making in the health and government sectors. The results display an imbalance between demand and supply, with precarious health infrastructure for people with severe symptoms and increased deaths. SARS-CoV-2 is spreading fast throughout Brazil, and the north and northeast region need special attention due to its lack of health infrastructure. Cartographic products are essential to decision making in epidemiological studies.

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“…It has been well-established that people who are more susceptible to severe illness include those aged people ( Abdel Hafez, 2020 ). However, individuals of all ages are at a higher risk for severe illness if they suffer from any medical diseases or suffer from any comorbidities such as chronic lung, kidney, or liver disease, moderate to severe asthma, severe heart conditions, diabetes, severe obesity, and conditions that cause immunodeficiency ( Thomé et al, 2020 ). It has been established that SARS-CoV-2 invades human cells through interaction with the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor ( Thomé et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While, ACE2 expression is not limited to the respiratory tract but extended to other areas that as myocardial cells, ileal and esophageal epithelial cells, renal proximal tubule cells, and bladder urothelial cells ( Taatjes and Roth, 2016 ). So, the function and overactivity of the ACE2 receptor may influence such target cells and organs, increasing the susceptibility to infection ( Thomé et al, 2020 ). Recently, some researchers had emerged of the neuro-invasive potential of this virus ( Thomé et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…So, the function and overactivity of the ACE2 receptor may influence such target cells and organs, increasing the susceptibility to infection ( Thomé et al, 2020 ). Recently, some researchers had emerged of the neuro-invasive potential of this virus ( Thomé et al, 2020 ). Previously, a retrospective performed study on COVID-19 patients in Wuhan, China, neurological symptoms were observed in 36.4% of total patients and 45.5% of patients with severe infections ( Mao et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Can Covid-19 attack our nervous system?

Hafez

2021

Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy

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Nowadays, Covid-19 is considered a serious health problem worldwide. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel human coronavirus that has sparked a global pandemic of the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19). It is well known that the Corona Virus attacks mainly the respiratory system. Meanwhile, it has been established that coronavirus infection can extend beyond the respiratory system and unfortunately, can also affect our nervous system. Multiple neurological symptoms and signs had been documented during and post covid conditions. This virus gets access to the central nervous system (CNS) via the bloodstream leading to infect the endothelial lining cells. Also, it was reported that the virus can enter the peripheral nervous system via retrograde neuronal routes. The virus could be internalized in nerve synapses through endocytosis, transported retrogradely, and spread trans-synoptically to other brain regions. This minireview highlights the possible routes by which SARS-CoV-2 can invade the central nervous system (CNS) and its pathophysiology and manifestation.

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Differences in the prevalence of risk factors for severe COVID-19 across regions of São Paulo City

Cited by 5 publications

References 1 publication

High prevalence of food insecurity, the adverse impact of COVID-19 in Brazilian favela

High prevalence of food insecurity, the adverse impact of COVID-19 in Brazilian favela

Social inequality and the SARS-CoV-2 in Brazil: How prepared are Brazilâ€™s municipalities in health infrastructure to tackle the disease?

Can Covid-19 attack our nervous system?

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