Análise de métodos para detectar sarcopenia em idosas independentes da comunidade

Abstract

Introduction: Aging imposes changes in the body composition of individuals. One of the most striking changes during this period is the progressive loss of mass, strength and muscle function, known as sarcopenia. Objectives: To evaluate the presence of sarcopenia in healthy elderly women living in the community through a combination of different methods to assess muscle mass (MM) and physical performance, as well as analyzing whether there is correlation between the different methods of defining sarcopenia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed of 37 older adults of the Universidade Aberta da Maturidade (Open University for Mature Persons). The parameters used to assess MM were calf circumference (CC) and skeletal muscle mass (SMM) through bioelectrical impedance (BIA) and the skeletal muscle index (SMI) Handgrip strength (HS) using a manual dynamometer, gait speed (GS) over 10m and the timed up and go (TUG) test for functional mobility were used to measure physical performance. To compare the sarcopenia diagnostic methods four different combinations were employed: C1= SMI+HS+GS; C2= SMI+HS+TUG; C3= CC+HS+GS and C4= CC+HS+TUG, according to European consensus proposals. To verify the differences between the methods the Kruskal-Wallis test and Multiple Comparisons for Unpaired Data were applied, and the weighted Kappa coefficient was used to assess the degree of agreement. Results: The C1 and C2 combinations identified pre-sarcopenia, sarcopenia and severe sarcopenia. A close correlation between C1 and C2 was found (0.92), while C3 and C4 did not identify the presence of sarcopenia in the elderly women. Conclusion: CC used to evaluate MM was not precise in the detection of sarcopenia in overweight elderly women. However, there was a strong agreement between the two combinations using SMI and GS or TUG, suggesting that both can be effectively applied in clinical practice.

Triagem da sarcopenia e fragilidade em pacientes com úlceras venosas crônicas: um estudo transversal

“…However, the World Health Organization (WHO) considers that CC measurement is sensitive for assessment of muscle mass in the elderly, indicating changes that occur during aging and with reduced physical activity. 6 In view of the findings of this study, it is suggested that other methods for evaluation of muscle mass be used with this population, such as imaging exams (for example, magnetic resonance or computed tomography). Techniques for assessing the quantity and quality of muscles are primarily available in research centers, rather than clinical environments.…”

“…The test was performed three times and values of ≤ 0.8 m/s were defined as indicative of slow GS. 6,16 Calf circumference was measured using an inelastic tape measure around the largest curvature of the calf with the participant seated on a chair with knees and hips at 90°. Measurements lower than 31 cm were defined as indicative of muscle mass depletion.…”

“…5 The combination of reduced muscle mass and strength increases the risk of falls, hospitalizations, dependence and institutionalizations, worsening quality of life and increasing mortality, and it also has social and economic repercussions. 6 Sarcopenia is associated with risk of frailty, risk of falls, reduced mobility, poor glycemic and metabolic control, reduced baseline metabolic rate, and lower functional capacity. 7,8 Sarcopenia increases the risk of fractures, interferes with the capacity to perform daily activities of life and is associated with cardiac disease, respiratory disease, and cognitive impairment.…”

Avaliação dos indicadores de sarcopenia e de risco de quedas em idosas

“…No estudo de Paula et al [20], também foi avaliada a sarcopenia com diferentes combinações de métodos avaliativos, mas a circunferência da panturrilha não mostrou alteração menor que 31 cm, corroborando o presente estudo já que os grupos G1, G2 e G3 apresentaram CP maiores que 31 cm. [21], a velocidade de marcha diminui com o avanço da idade e pode haver uma relação entre a força de membros inferiores e a velocidade de marcha.…”

Difference in Diagnosis and Classification of Sarcopenia: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study

“…However, there is still broad disagreement regarding the cutoff points that should be adopted [3,4,6,9]. Furthermore, the different methods available to measure ALM and population-speci c differences hamper the understanding and establishment of universal criteria for the screening of sarcopenia [13][14][15].…”