Soroepidemiologia da leucemia bovina (LB) em bovinos curraleiros dos estados de Goiás e Tocantins, Brasil

Abstract

Com o objetivo de verificar a ocorrência da leucose enzoótica (LB) em bovinos Curraleiros, foram amostrados soros sanguíneos de um total de 1051 animais pertencentes a 11 rebanhos localizados nos Estados de Goiás e 12 em Tocantins. O diagnóstico sorológico de LB foi realizado pelo método de imunodifusão em gel de ágar (IDGA). A taxa total de sororeagentes foi 21,1% (222/1051). Em Tocantins foram encontrados 27,8% (136/489) de sororreagentes, número significativamente maior que em Goiás, onde foram encontrados 15,3% (86/562). A sororreatividade foi maior em fêmeas que em machos, 23,3% (198/852) e 11,8% (23/195), respectivamente, e em animais com idade superior a 48 meses.

Risk Factors for Enzootic Leukosis in Dairy Cattle from the Brazilian Amazon

“…Concerning the outbreaks, the percentage found (95% -19/20) was similar to that obtained in Maranhão (98.9%) [36] and in Amazon region (100%) [6] but discretely superior to other Brazilian surveys, ranging from 60 to 85% [13,23]. This finding reflects the degree of negligence regarding the prophylactic measures of EBL since it is a silent propagation disease, as well as the implications for the absence of official control and eradication programs in Brazil [28,35].…”

“…The origin of EBL in the Brazilian Amazon is probably related to the expansion of dairy cattle in the 1980s, which, at first, demanded the importation of cattle from the Midwest and Southeast of the country, for the fast formation of the herds, without complying with the sanitary criteria of animal commercialization. The acquisition of matrices and breeders from other states, such as Minas Gerais, Goiás, and São Paulo, places with high disease prevalence [5,13,33] may have favored the circulation of BLV to different territories [9].…”

“…The frequency of EBL in the Rio Branco microregion (14.42%) is below the estimated national average (33.9%), as well as the regional level [31]. According to the latest epidemiological surveys of the northern states, seropositivity was 8.9% in Amazonas [6], 49.8% in Pará [23], 23% in Rondônia [22], and 27.8% in Tocantins [13]. The reduced influx of animals due to the geographical situation of Acre, since it is an area of greater physical isolation due to forest and river barriers, may influence the observed frequency.…”