Reverse Logistics of E-Waste in Developing Countries: Challenges and Prospects for the Brazilian Model

Abstract

E-waste reverse logistics initiatives in important industrial economies like India, China and Brazil show that specific models of reverse logistics, adapted to local reality, are required in developing countries. This research objective is to discuss the main challenges and opportunities for the implementation of the reverse logistics Brazilian model for computers and cell phones. Methodological procedures included 21 in-depth interviews with multiple stakeholders including government, manufacturers, retailers, recycling companies, waste picker organizations and academics. Results show the importance of the new regulation to enhance the dialogue among the members of the electro electronic supply chain for the development of the Brazilian model of reverse logistics. However technological gaps in recycling e-waste within the country, its continental dimension, taxation challenges and conflicts between waste picker organizations and the industry are challenges for the Brazilian model success.

Reverse Logistics of Postconsumer Medicines: The Roles and Knowledge of Pharmacists in the Municipality of São Paulo, Brazil

“…The NSWP represents an innovative approach with regards to the implementation of RL. Producers, importers, retail companies and even consumers have become responsible for the development and implementation of an RL model, independent of the public waste management system [39]. Article No.…”

“…As in Brazil, conflicts over role assignments in RL were observed in other countries, due to the implementation of shared responsibility [46]. According to Demajorovic et al [39], many conflicts still exist due to issues in splitting costs and responsibilities, in areas such as the determination of the value to be paid for transport. The private sector accuses the government of not stipulating well-defined roles in the reverse chain and complains about the lack of incentive policies, for the deployment.…”

“…The private sector accuses the government of not stipulating well-defined roles in the reverse chain and complains about the lack of incentive policies, for the deployment. On the other hand, the government accuses the private sector of emphasizing challenges with the objective of postponing implementation [39]. The minimum cost of the RL program could be serving as a barrier to the implementation of RL in small pharmacies.…”

“…Four drugstores located in the central region of the city were selected, which represented the pharmaceutical retail Managers in charge of developing and deploying the reverse logistics programs should account for the expectations and demands of customers, during which it is vital to highlight customer concerns and provide complete solutions for product return [58,59]. In an RL program, the consumer's role is highlighted as a starting point for the reverse flow, and the success of RL programs depend upon consumer behavior, which enables the process of the return of postconsumer products [39,59].…”

A Mini‐Review of E‐Waste Management in Brazil: Perspectives and Challenges

“…Demajorovic et al . noted the challenges and opportunities associated with implementing reverse logistics for computers and cell phones in Brazil.…”