“…Rising global demand for palm oil for food and biofuels had stimulated the conversion of 2.3 million ha of peat swamp forest for oil palm plantations by 2010 on the Malay Peninsula, Borneo, and Sumatra (Koh, Miettinen, Liew, & Ghazoul, 2011). Biofuel crop plantations are likewise implicated of deforestation in the Amazon in South America, despite cattle farming and soy cultivated for animal feed accounting for over 80% of pasture expansion in the period 2005-2013 (Barona, Ramankutty, Hyman, & Coomes, 2010;da Costa, Matricardi, Pedlowski, Cochrane, & Fernandes, 2017;Gollnow, Hissa, Rufin, & Lakes, 2018;Pendrill, Persson, Godar, & Kastner, 2019). Modeling simulations with an increased global ethanol demand by 2030 predict sugarcane driving expansion of agriculture into the natural vegetation of the Cerrado and Amazon (van der Hilst, Verstegen, Woltjer, Smeets, & Faaij, 2018).…”