Ocorrência sazonal e abundância relativa de Tabanidae (Diptera) no Campus Universitário, Manaus, Amazonas.

Abstract

Resumo INTRODUÇÃOVários pesquisadores investigaram a variação de Tabanidae em regiões de clima temperado (Davies, 1959;Pechumann & Burton, 1969; Thomas, 1970;Roberts, 1971) porém, pouco foi observado nas regiões tropicais e principalmente na Amazônia. A maioria dos tabanídeos, tanto em regiões temperadas quanto em tropicais é univoltina (Fairchild, 1942) sendo que algumas espécies apresentam estação de vôo muito curta na época chuvosa ou seca, enquanto outras apresentam uma estação de vôo muito longa. Algumas espécies parecem completar mais de um ciclo de vida, durante um ano e outras apresentam ciclo irregular em face da variação no tempo de vida larval, ocorrendo assim, emergência de adultos durante todo o ano.

Activities of tabanids (Diptera, Tabanidae) attacking domestic duck-Cairina moschata (Linnaeus) (Aves, Anatidae), introduced in a forest area in the Central Amazon, Manaus, Brazil

“…Its behavior is similar to that of the previous recorded species, as it flies around the duck's head, landing on its beak and moving to the caruncle where it feeds. Generally, it prefers biting large mammals (bovines, equines) (BOUVIER 1952;RAFAEL 1982;RAYMOND & ROUSSEAU 1987;BARROS 2001), shown by the frequent attacks on tapir (T. terrestris), and less frequent on man, what also was recorded by GORAYEB (1985). Perhaps the attack on the duck was accidental, but its successful feeding on birds shows P. cajennensis to be opportunist, because it could attack other hosts, when its preferred ones are not available.…”

Seasonality and relative abundance of Tabanidae (Diptera) captured on horses in the Pantanal, Brazil

“…The high abundance of most tabanid species during the rainy season, particularly those potentially important as mechanical vectors (such as T. importunus), may explain the outbreaks of equine trypanosomosis (Trypanosoma evansi) as well as the temporal variation of T. evansi seroprevalence in equines previously reported in the Pantanal (Silva et al 1995, Dávila et al 1999. A seasonal sucession of the most abundant species was observed and may be associated with a strategy to reduce interspecific competition (Rafael 1982). Thus, T. claripennis and T. occidentalis peaked during the dry season (July), while L. crassipes peaked after the beginning (October) and at the end (April) of the rainy season.…”

Phorcotabanus cinereus (Wiedemann, 1821) (Diptera, Tabanidae), an ornithophilic species of Tabanid in Central Amazon, Brazil

“…During June, the beginning of July, November, December and January, P. cinereus had a sparse occurrence. The period of flight activity of this species was the same of the majority of the Amazonian tabanids (Rafael & Charlwood 1980, Rafael 1982, Gorayeb 1985. Habitat -P. cinereus was registered only in the open areas of both study sites, with a continual occurrence during the flight period.…”