Fixação de nitrogênio (redução de acetileno) em cupins (Insecta: Isoptera) da Amazônia Central

Sylvester-Bradley, Rosemary; Bandeira, Adelmar Gomes; Oliveira, Luiz Antonio de

doi:10.1590/1809-43921978084621

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 2 publications

(2 reference statements)

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“…A survey of termites from pastures, secondary forest and primary rain forest in the central Amazon by Sylvester-Bradley et al (1978) produced evidence for dinitrogen-fixation in 21 species, with Nasutitermes spp. having the highest nitrogenase rate (more than 100 nmol acetylene reduced per gram of termites per hour).…”

Section: Dinitrogen (N 2 )-Jixationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Microorganisms in the Metabolism of Termites

O'Brien¹,

Slaytor²

1982

Aust. Jnl. Of Bio. Sci.

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This article reviews the current knowledge of the role of symbiotic microorganisms in the metabolism of termites. The symbiotic microorganisms, comprising bacteria (higher and lower termites) and protozoa (lower termites) are in the hindgut. Cellulose digestion in higher termites appears to be mediated solely by cellulolytic enzymes secreted by the termites. In the lower termites, cellulose is digested by enzymes secreted both by the termites and by the protozoa. The end products of protozoal metabolism (acetate and butyrate) are thought to be used by termites as energy sources. Another method of cellulose digestion is that of the Macrotermitinae which have a symbiotic relationship with fungi of the genus Termitomyces. The termites acquire cellulase from the fungus. The bacteria found in the hindgut are usually facultative even though the hindgut is anaerobic. Some of these bacteria appear to be involved in dinitrogen-fixation in the gut, but do not play any part in cellulose metabolism. Some evidence suggests that termites may be able to re-utilize the nitrogen in the uric acid stores in their fat body using hindgut bacteria. While there is evidence that lignin can be degraded in termite tissues it is difficult to assess the role of the hindgut micro biota in this process. RaIe of Microorganisms in TermiteMetabolism 241

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Section: Dinitrogen (N 2 )-Jixationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Microorganisms in the Metabolism of Termites

O'Brien¹,

Slaytor²

1982

Aust. Jnl. Of Bio. Sci.

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“…Remaining to be discovered in the case of N. triodiae include: the mechanisms behind the minor enrichment of certain elements in its termitaria; whether it consumes the clay with which it builds these termitaria; whether it mines for nutrients to support its fixation of atmospheric N (Sylvester-Bradley et al . 1978); and how deeply it and other Australian termites can tunnel. If N. triodiae collects clay from shallow sources and then extracts nutrients from this via its gut, this might explain why the concentrations of Mn and Co in the termitaria we studied were impoverished relative to adjacent topsoils.…”

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confidence: 99%

Nutrient enrichment of ecosystems by fungus-growing versus non-fungus-growing termites

Mills

2018

J. Trop. Ecol.

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Abstract:Fungus-growing termites (Macrotermitinae) collect water to air-condition their fungi and have been recorded tunnelling deeper than 80 m for groundwater. This collection of water ultimately results in solute accumulation and nutrient enrichment of their termitaria. We consequently hypothesized that nutrient enrichment of termitaria constructed by fungus-growing termites would be greater than by non-fungus-growing termites. To test this, we compared nutrient enrichment of termitaria of fungus-growingMacrotermesspp. in Namibia and termitaria of two non-fungus-growing termites –Trinervitermes trinervoidesin South Africa andNasutitermes triodiaein Australia. Compared with adjacent topsoils,Macrotermestermitaria were significantly enriched in 18 elements whereasT. trinervoidesandN. triodiaetermitaria were enriched in only one and five elements, respectively. Nutrients particularly enriched inMacrotermitestermitaria included Ca (an enrichment factor of 12), Mg (2.9), Co (2.8), Fe (2.4), Mn (2.3), Se (2.2) and Cu (2.0). We suggest that fungus-growing termites that collect water for air-conditioning their fungi have the potential to inadvertently boost – to a far greater degree than non-fungus-growing termites – the availability of nutrients to local plants and herbivores.

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“…(1994), as pelotas fecais dos cupins têm baixo conteúdo de elementos minerais, principalmente o nitrogênio. Todavia, sabe-se que o conteúdo intestinal dos cupins contém bactérias fixadoras de nitrogênio (Sylvester Bradley et al,1978;Prestwich & Bentley, 1981). Basu et al (1996) verificaram uma forte dependência da abundância e biomassa dos cupms na quantidade de matéria orgânica e nitrogênio no solo.…”

Section: Relação Entre Propriedades Químicas Dos Cupinzeiros E Solos ...unclassified

Solo e bioconstruções: morfologia e geoquímica dos cupinzeiros e dos solos associados na região de Humaitá (Sul do Estado do Amazonas)

Soares¹

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Apenas palavras não são suficientes para manifestar meu sentimento de gratidão a tantos que contribuíram para a realização deste trabalho. Alguns nomes são imprescindíveis serem citados: Ao meu orientador, Prof. Dr. Adolpho José Melfi, que confiou-me este trabalho e a oportunidade de amadurecer cientificamente, profissionalmente e como ser humano. Ao Pesquisador Dr. Vincent Eschenbrenner (CENNUSP e IR.D (ex ORSTOM), pelos ensinamentos transmitidos nestes últimos 2 anos, com paciência e dedicação, e por ter me guiado nos domínios do conhecimento científico. Aos pesquisadores do Núcleo de Pesquisa em Geoquímica da Litosfera (NUPEGEL/USP), em especial à Professora Célia Regina Montes-Lauar (Depto. Solos e Nutrição de Plantas, ESALQ/USP), e ao Dr. Boris Volkoff (IRD -ex ORSTOM), pelo apoio logístico, sugestões e atenção nos momentos de dúvidas.

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Fixação de nitrogênio (redução de acetileno) em cupins (Insecta: Isoptera) da Amazônia Central

Cited by 14 publications

References 2 publications

Role of Microorganisms in the Metabolism of Termites

Role of Microorganisms in the Metabolism of Termites

Nutrient enrichment of ecosystems by fungus-growing versus non-fungus-growing termites

Solo e bioconstruções: morfologia e geoquímica dos cupinzeiros e dos solos associados na região de Humaitá (Sul do Estado do Amazonas)

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