Os nomes e usos de palmeiras entre uma tribo de índios Yanomama

Anderson, Anthony Β.

doi:10.1590/1809-43921977071005

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Palms remain the most important group of plants for traditional populations throughout Amazonia (Anderson and Anderson, 1977;Balick, 1988;Kahn and de Granville, 1992;Campos and Ehringhaus, 2009). SPDs and site frequency data indicate a progressive increase in preColumbian activity in the eastern Amazon after ∼4,500 cal yr B.P.…”

Section: Pre-columbian Impact On Forest Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Insights From Pre-Columbian Land Use and Fire Management in Amazonian Dark Earth Forests

et al. 2018

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Anthropogenic climate change driven by increased carbon emissions is leading to more severe fire seasons and increasing the frequency of mega-fires in the Amazon. This has the potential to convert Amazon forests from net carbon sinks to net carbon sources. Although modern human influence over the Earth is substantial, debate remains over when humans began to dominate Earth's natural systems. To date, little is known about the history of human land use in key regions like the Amazon. Here, we examine the history of human occupation from a ∼8,500 year-old sediment core record from Lake Caranã (LC) in the eastern Amazon. The onset of pre-Columbian activity at LC (∼4,500 cal yr B.P.) is associated with the beginning of fire management and crop cultivation, later followed by the formation of Amazonian Dark Earth soils (ADEs) ∼2,000 cal yr B.P. Selective forest enrichment of edible plants and low-severity fire activity altered the composition and structure of forests growing on ADEs (ADE forests) making them more drought susceptible and fire-prone. Following European colonization (1661 A.D.), the Amazon rubber boom (mid-1800s to 1920 A.D.) is associated with record-low fire activity despite drier regional climate, indicating fire exclusion. The formation of FLONA Reserve in 1974 A.D. is accompanied by the relocation of traditional populations and a fire suppression policy. Despite suppression efforts, biomass burning and fire severity in the past decade is higher than any other period in the record. This is attributed to combined climate and human factors which create optimal conditions for mega-fires in ADE forests and threatens to transform the Amazon from a net carbon sink to a net carbon source. To help mitigate the occurrence of mega-fires, a fire management policy reducing fire-use and careful fire management for farming may help to reduce fuel loads and the occurrence of mega-fires in fire-prone ADE forests. As both natural and anthropogenic pressures are projected to increase in the Amazon, this study provides valuable insights into the legacy of past human land use on modern ADE forest composition, structure, and flammability that can inform ecological benchmarks and future management efforts in the eastern Amazon.

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Section: Pre-columbian Impact On Forest Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Insights From Pre-Columbian Land Use and Fire Management in Amazonian Dark Earth Forests

et al. 2018

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“…Segundo Anderson (1977), E. precatoria é uma das palmeiras mais usadas por uma tribo dos índios Yanomama, fornecendo palmito e madeira de qualidade superior. O uso medicinal também é citado por alguns autores como Prance & Silva (1975), Knah & Granville (1992), Henderson et al (1995).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Morfo-anatomia da semente de Euterpe precatoria Mart. (Palmae)

Aguiar¹,

Mendonça²

2003

Rev. bras. sementes

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Euterpe precatoria, vulgarmente conhecida como açaizeiro, é bastante popular na Região Norte pela produção de uma bebida saborosa, obtida da polpa do fruto, conhecida como "vinho do açaí". Neste trabalho foi feita a descrição morfo-anatômica da semente madura de Euterpe precatoria, com o intuito de contribuir para estudos de micropropagação e produção de mudas da referida espécie. As observações foram feitas em secções longitudinal e transversal da semente, utilizando-se lupa binocular e microscópio óptico. A semente é albuminosa, com forma globosa e preenche a maior parte do fruto, tendo um único poro germinativo. O endosperma é volumoso, homogêneo, sólido e duro. O embrião é indiviso, cônico e basal. O eixo embrionário é curvo, com pólo radicular indiferenciado e pólo caulinar diferenciado em três primórdios foliares.

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“…In terms of authorization by governmental bodies, there were requirements in four journals: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia, Acta Amazônica, Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, and Ethnobiology and Conservation. Within Acta Amazônica guidelines, there is a specific item concerning legal and ethical aspects, which clarifies the organs that are suitable Anderson 1977Miller et al 1989Grandi et al 1989 Rodrigues 1998 Negrelle & Fornazzali, 2007;Ribeiro et al 2007;Rodrigues & Carvalho 2007;Souza 2007;Vieira et al 2007;Yuyama et al 2007;Calábria et al 2008;Cunha-Lima et al 2008;Melo et al 2008;Miranda & Hanazaki, 2008;Rufino et al 2008;Santos et al 2008;Silva & Proença 2008;Baldauf et al 2009;Borges & Peixoto 2009;Castro et al 2009;Eichemberg et al 2009;Fonseca-Kruel et al 2009;Jesus et al 2009;Lanini et al 2009;Leitão et al 2009;Marchese et al 2009;Oliveira & Trovão 2009;Pilla & Amorozo 2009;Pires et al 2009;Santos et al 2009;Scoles 2009;Ustulin et al 2009.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How are legal matters related to the access of traditional knowledge being considered in the scope of ethnobotany publications in Brazil?

et al. 2015

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Legal measures, such as the use of free or prior and informed consent, return of research results to communities (which can be understood as "sharing of benefits, " according to Brazilian legislation), and research authorization by governmental bodies, are mentioned and regulated in various documents, either governmental or specific, within the area of ethnobiology. This study aims to explore how these matters are considered in the scope of published ethnobotany articles in Brazil, as well as whether the creation of the Provisional Measure 2.186-16/2001 has contributed to the national advance of these matters. The methodology comprised a literature review of articles focusing on medicinal and food plant resources in the prominent Brazilian journals which publish ethnobotany studies. From 137 articles analyzed, 8 mentioned the return of research results to the community; 21 explicitly cited the use of free or prior and informed consent; and 13 mentioned the authorization of governmental bodies. We expect that the present study will contribute to the debate regarding the necessity of reformulation of the current system, which would guarantee a more effective rapport between the government, researchers, local communities, and society and contribute to the development of ethnobotany in Brazil.

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Os nomes e usos de palmeiras entre uma tribo de índios Yanomama

Cited by 18 publications

References 0 publications

New Insights From Pre-Columbian Land Use and Fire Management in Amazonian Dark Earth Forests

New Insights From Pre-Columbian Land Use and Fire Management in Amazonian Dark Earth Forests

Morfo-anatomia da semente de Euterpe precatoria Mart. (Palmae)

How are legal matters related to the access of traditional knowledge being considered in the scope of ethnobotany publications in Brazil?

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