Tipificação Genética, Através Da Técnica De Spoligotyping, De Isolados De Mycobacterium Bovis Em Animais Abatidos Na Região Metropolitana De Salvador, Bahia, Brasil

Abstract

RESUMO A tuberculose é uma enfermidade infecciosa crônica, que afeta mamíferos e aves e constitui um sério problema de saúde pública e animal. Objetivando realizar um levantamento molecular da enfermidade em bovinos abatidos em matadouros frigoríficos no Estado da Bahia, Brasil, foram analisadas as lesões pulmonares e de linfonodos mediastínicos de 43 carcaças de animais abatidos em três matadouros-frigoríficos localizados na Região Metropolitana de Salvador, Bahia. Sete isolados de Mycobacterium bovis foram identificados, através da técnica do spolygotyping, e discriminados em três diferentes espoligotipos (SB1055, SB0120 e SB0268) descritos no Brasil e em diversas áreas do mundo. Os resultados indicam que o método de diagnóstico utilizado pode contribuir para a criação de uma base de dados para o estudo epidemiológico da tuberculose bovina no Estado da Bahia.

Spoligotyping, genotyping, and spatial distribution of Mycobacterium bovis in cattle in the state of Bahia, Brazil

“…SB0120 was the most prevalent spoligotype: 32.2% (10/31) with a cluster of 10 isolates, and distribution among five municipalities (Jequié, Pedro Alexandre, Colonel João de Sá, Ipirá, and São Filipe). This spoligotype had been previously described in Brazil in the states of Paraíba, Distrito Federal (Parreiras et al 2012), São Paulo (Rocha et al 2013, Rodriguez 2005, and Bahia (Costa et al 2010) being and also found in other parts of the world. This strain has a great diversity of hosts, besides being disseminated globally, especially in European countries.…”

Isolation and genotyping of Mycobacterium bovis in suggestive lesions of tuberculosis in cattle slaughtered in the state of Ceará, Brazil

“…Previous studies pointed out BTB prevalence or occurrence with a confirmatory diagnosis of M. bovis in these states (Rocha et al 2013, Alzamora Filho et al 2014a, Ramos et al 2018. This suggests a possible route for the movement of infected animals between the state of Ceará and these geographic regions, especially with the states of Bahia (Costa et al 2012, Alzamora Filho et al 2014a and São Paulo (Rocha et al 2013), where the presence of M. bovis strains similar to those identified in this work were previously identified (SB0120, SB 0121, and SB0295).…”

“…(Rodriguez 2005). In contrast, in the establishment with the highest CCR (SIE -B), this value is possibly related to the increased slaughter of animals discarded from dairy or mixed herds concentrated in the region, cases in which the probability of BTB occurrence increases (Costa et al 2012). Moreover, detection of lesions suggestive of BTB depends on the time available to scrutinize the carcass.…”

“…Spoligotype SB0120 was the most common circulating type on several continents (Ghavidel et al 2018). In Brazil, it was identified in the states of Paraíba and the Federal District (Parreiras et al 2012), Bahia (Costa et al 2012), and São Paulo (Rocha et al 2013), having importance in other regions of the world. This spoligotype is widespread in several European countries, being mostly described in France with a prevalence of 26% of the isolates (Haddad et al 2001).…”

“…In contrast, an alternative that enables rapid identification of mycobacteria is the application molecular techniques, which can distinguish between different strains, allowing increased sensitivity and specificity and a decrease in the number of diagnoses of this infection (Ramos et al 2015). Some studies have demonstrated the possibility of using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and spoligotyping techniques to detect and type M. bovis in fragments of lesions collected in slaughterhouses (Rodriguez et al 2004, Costa et al 2012, Parreiras et al 2012, Alzamora Filho et al 2014b.…”