Faunistic analysis of Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera) in Guarana (Paullinia cupana) crop, with new records of genera for the Brazilian Amazon

Abstract

Ichneumonidae are solitary parasitoids that mainly attack larvae and pupae of Lepidoptera, Coleoptera and Hymenoptera, which constitute important agricultural pests. The objective of the present paper was to characterize the assemblage of Ichneumonidae associated to the conventional and organic cultivation of Guarana (Paullinia cupana) crop in Manaus City (Amazonas State, Brazil) with faunistic analysis. The samples were collected at Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA), using Malaise and Moericke traps, between September 2012 and February 2013. We collected 296 specimens of Ichneumonidae, represented by 14 subfamilies, 41 genera and 63 morphospecies. The faunistic analysis revealed the predominance of rare and less frequent genera (54.2% in conventional and 47.1% in organic crop management). Venturia Schrottky was highlighted as superabundant, super frequent and constant (46.4% of the specimens) in conventional cultivation. In organic cultivation, Eiphosoma Cresson (15.6% of the specimens), Venturia (15.1%), Polycyrtidea Viereck (7%), Stethantyx Townes (6%), Enicospilus Stephens and Diapetimorpha Viereck (both 5.5%), Polycyrtus Spinola and Podogaster Brullé (both 5%) were more abundant, more frequent and constant. The observed differences reflect the type of crop management. Considering that organic crop management do not use agrochemicals, there is a greater diversification of the landscape. On the other hand, a reduction in richness and abundance has been observed in conventional crop management, due to its greater alteration and uniformity of the landscape. This study evidences a high number of rare, less frequent and accidental genera, and reveals the predominant groups in each crop cultivation system.

Creagrura Townes, 1971 and Ptilobaptus Townes, 1971 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) from Brazilian Amazon: new records and comments about morphological variation

“…To date, Ptilobaptus has never been recorded for Brazil, and Creagrura, which has been recorded for the country, has only a generic record for the Brazilian Amazon, without any species-level identification (Antunes & Fernandes, 2020). The aim of this work is to expand the geographic distribution records of these genera in the Brazilian Amazon and discuss about intraspecific variations.…”

New records of Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) from a coffee agroecosystem of southeastern Brazil

“…Despite its economic and ecological importance, this group of insects has not been adequately studied in most regions of Brazil; the majority of surveys have been conducted in Atlantic forest ecosystems (Kumagai & Graf 2000;2002;Guerra & Penteado-Dias 2002;Kumagai 2002;Tanque et al 2010;, Cerrado (Pádua et al 2014), Caatinga (Fernandes et al 2019;Fernandes et al 2020b), and specific agroecosystems, such as rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis -Euphorbiaceae) (Tempest et al 1998), green dwarf coconut trees (Cocos nucifera -Arecaceae) (Comério et al 2012), organic farms (Sandonato et al 2010) and guarana plantations (Paullinia cupana -Sapindaceae) (Antunes & Fernandes 2020).…”