Bovine viral diarrhea virus infections in pigs: why is this situation important for Brazilian herds?

Abstract

Swine can be infected by the bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) under natural conditions. For this reason, further information and divulgation are needed regarding the pathogenicity of this virus in swine. This infection is practically unknown in the realm of pig farming, and, as it shares some similarities with the classical swine fever virus (CSFV), its diagnosis becomes a challenge for official sanitary programs. Studies have shown the absence of clinical signs in piglets and reproductive problems in sows due to BVDV infections. There is little research on the prevalence, risk factors, preventive measures and control of BVDV in pigs around the world. And in Brazil, the data is practically non-existent. At the time of diagnosis, comparing the most efficient laboratory tests such as virus neutralization, ELISA, RT-PCR, and immunofluorescence so as to minimize the risk of cross serological reactions when dealing with a persistent or transient infection, can be an important tool. Moreover, the practical implications for CSFV eradication programs are a main reason for the development of further research against this infection. Therefore, this paper aims to review various aspects of BVDV infection in pigs, and how this information can be important for Brazilian herds.

Pestivirus spillover effect: molecular detection of bovine viral diarrhea virus in domestic and feral pigs

“…Studies on BVDV-1 revealed a high prevalence (137 BVDV-positive samples out of 511) in Chinese swine herds were pigs exhibited clinical symptoms (Deng et al 2012). In Brazil the presence of BVDV infection in domestic pigs has been reported by Almeida et al (2017) by assessment of BVDV antibodies prevalence in pigs from rearing farms.…”