The effectiveness on health education to prevent nipple trauma from breastfeeding: a systematic review

Abstract

Objectives: to analyze the effectiveness on health education to prevent nipple trauma in breastfeeding compared to other interventions. Methods: systematic literature review was carried out in January 2019, according to PRISMA recommendations. The searches were conducted in Cinahl, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and in the references cited in the selected articles. The studies were assessed for quality and level of evidence according to the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE). Results: twelve studies were selected, all conducted at the maternities. The interventions were classified in two categories: health education on breastfeeding and the use of nipple covers. Health education on breastfeeding presents a moderate level of evidence on the prevention of nipple trauma. There is a moderate to high level of evidence on the positive effects of guaiazulene, gel or peppermint water applied in the postpartum period to prevent nipple trauma. Conclusion: health education on breastfeeding with clinical demonstration is an important strategy to prevent nipple trauma and requires more than one educational approach. The use of nipple covers requires some consideration, since they must be removed prior to breastfeeding. All interventions were conducted in the postpartum period, which points out for the necessity of clinical research to prevent nipple trauma in prenatal care.

Simulação virtual sobre amamentação e lesões mamilo-areolares: desenvolvimento e validação de protótipo

“…Uma observação importante é que, todas as intervenções foram conduzidas no pós-parto, o que aponta para a necessidade de pesquisas clínicas sobre a prevenção de lesões mamilo-areolares no pré-natal. (27) Sobre o tratamento tópico, há uma ampla variedade de condutas e produtos apresentados na literatura, mas o consenso entre todas é a manutenção da umidade na área mamiloareolar. (28) A combinação do tratamento tópico, com estratégias de educação em saúde, potencializam o efeito positivo da intervenção, bem como a utilização de materiais que auxiliassem na redução do contato da lesão com a vestimenta, também favoreceram a cicatrização.…”

Intervenções eficazes para tratamento de trauma mamilar decorrente da amamentação: revisão sistemática

“…Mesmo com sete ou mais consultas, 22 mães apresentaram lesão mamilo-areolar. (7) A educação na amamentação, com foco na técnica adequada, deve ser realizada rotineiramente no pré-natal e no pós-parto, desde a primeira mamada, (33) reforçando a orientação às lactantes acerca da amamentação e de formas de tratar e evitar o surgimento das lesões. (7) Orientações sobre a pega e posicionamento corretos se mostram como fatores protetivos ao trauma mamilar.…”

Telelactation with Increased Visibility During Pandemic Process

“…In order to initiate breastfeeding successfully, breast examination should be performed and breastfeeding education should be given, especially in the last trimester (Oliveira et al, 2020). It is emphasized that the role of midwives/nurses is crucial in breastfeeding education to give support in antenatal, maternity, and postpartum period (Swerts et al, 2016).…”

“…In a systematic review, it was reported that supporting breastfeeding and providing breastfeeding education play a key role in preventing breastfeeding problems (Oliveira et al, 2020). It is important to WHO, 2016).…”