Treatment of iron overload syndrome: a general review

Abstract

SUMMARY INTRODUCTION Iron overload is a broad syndrome with a large spectrum of causative etiologies that lead to iron deposition. When iron exceeds defenses, it causes oxidative damage and tissular disfunction. Treatment may prevent organ dysfunction, leading to greater life expectancy. METHODS Literature from the last five years was reviewed through the use of the PubMed database in search of treatment strategies. DISCUSSION Different pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies are available for the treatment of iron overload and must be used according to etiology and patient compliance. Therapeutic phlebotomy is the basis for the treatment of hereditary hemochromatosis. Transfusional overload patients and those who cannot tolerate phlebotomy need iron chelators. CONCLUSION Advances in the understanding of iron overload have lead to great advances in therapies and new pharmacological targets. Research has lead to better compliance with the use of oral chelators and less toxic drugs.

Hemocromatosis no ligada al gen HFE: a propósito de un caso

“…Al cotejarse nuevamente con la ST, se doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.47892/rgp.2021.414.1288 encontró por encima de 45%, sugestivo de HH lo que llevó a la realización de estudios complementarios imagenológicos y genéticos. Laboratorios como hemoglobina, reactantes de fase aguda, transaminasas, gamma-glutil transferasa, perfil lipídico, tiempos de coagulación y glicemia se solicitaron de manera simultánea como parte del abordaje integral (2,8) .…”

“…El tratamiento de elección por disponibilidad, facilidad de acceso y seguridad en términos de reacciones adversas es la flebotomía terapéutica; con ella la cantidad de hierro sérico disminuye, estimulando la eritropoyesis y la movilización férrica a nivel tisular (2) . La meta es realizar flebotomías periódicas de hasta 500 ml en aras de disminuir la ferritina sérica por debajo de 50 ng/ml vigilando que los niveles de hemoglobina no estén por debajo de 11 mg/dl (8,10) . Los quelantes de hierro, se usan como alternativa a las flebotomías, en pacientes intolerantes o que tengan una contraindicación absoluta (síndromes anémicos crónicos, hemoglobinopatías: talasemias, o mielodisplasias) (10) .…”

Therapeutic roles of plants for 15 hypothesised causal bases of Alzheimer’s disease

“…It has thus been suggested that chelation therapy is a promising treatment strategy [348]. However, in clinical trials, synthetic chelators have shown limited efficacy for AD treatment and are associated with adverse side effects [349,350] such as allergic reactions, along with liver, renal, eye and auditory toxicities [351,352] and may even worsen AD pathology [353]. The plants in this study may provide more promising and safer alternatives, in which metal chelation or other metal-reduction activity was reported in 30 species (Additional file 4: Table S4).…”

Management of liver disease patients in different clinical situations during COVID-19 pandemic

“…As COVID-19 is a novel virus, its interactions with people with Wilson disease have not been specifically studied; however, people at increased risk of complications are those with advanced age, severe liver, heart disease, and renal failure or comorbid disease. Therefore, theoretically speaking, this special category of patients, if they have liver cirrhosis or severe comorbid disease, is at increased risk of complications [45,[51][52][53].…”

“…Patients with Wilson disease are strictly advised not to stop their medications to avoid exacerbation of the disease. Dose adjustment may be considered, if copper control is excellent and low copper status causes a decrease of white blood cells after consultation with the treating physician [51,53].…”