Impact of shoe size in a sample of elderly individuals

López‐López, Daniel; Expósito-Casabella, Yésica; Iglesias, Marta Elena Losa; Becerro-de-Bengoa-Vallejo, Ricardo; Saleta-Canosa, Jesús Luís; Tajes, Francisco Alonso

doi:10.1590/1806-9282.62.08.789

Cited by 21 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…Definition of incorrect sized footwear not stated. • 51 (69.9%) participants wore incorrect sized footwear • 28 (38.3%) participants wore footwear that was too long • 42 (57.5%) participants wore footwear that was too narrow • 22 (30.1%) participants wore footwear that was simultaneously too long and too narrow • 20 (27%) of participants wore footwear that was simultaneously the correct length but too narrow López-López et al [ 17 ] 62 participants, 29 men, 33 women, mean age 75.3 ± 7.9 yrs., height 164.1 ± 7.6 cm, weight 73.9 ± 11.3 kg. 31 participants in incorrectly fitted footwear group, 41 participants in correctly fitted footwear group.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incorrectly fitted footwear, foot pain and foot disorders: a systematic search and narrative review of the literature

Buldt

Menz

2018

Journal of Foot and Ankle Research

102

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BackgroundCorrect footwear fitting is acknowledged as being vitally important, as incorrectly fitted footwear has been linked to foot pathology. The aim of this narrative review was to determine the prevalence of incorrectly fitted footwear and to examine the association between incorrectly fitted footwear, foot pain and foot disorders.MethodsA database search of Ovid MEDLINE and CINAHL yielded 1,681 citations for title and abstract review. Eighteen articles were included. Findings were summarised under the categories of (i) children, (ii) adults, (ii) older people, (iii) people with diabetes and (iii) occupation- or activity-specific footwear. Differences in footwear fitting between sexes were also explored.ResultsBetween 63 and 72% of participants were wearing shoes that did not accommodate either width or length dimensions of their feet. There was also evidence that incorrect footwear fitting was associated with foot pain and foot disorders such as lesser toe deformity, corns and calluses. Specific participant groups, such as children with Down syndrome and older people and people with diabetes were more likely to wear shoes that were too narrow (between 46 and 81%).ConclusionA large proportion of the population wear incorrectly sized footwear, which is associated with foot pain and foot disorders. Greater emphasis should be placed on both footwear fitting education and the provision of an appropriately large selection of shoes that can accommodate the variation in foot morphology among the population, particularly in relation to foot width.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incorrectly fitted footwear, foot pain and foot disorders: a systematic search and narrative review of the literature

Buldt

Menz

2018

Journal of Foot and Ankle Research

102

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“…Recent studies by López-López et al in older people without AD have demonstrated the influence of decreased sensitivity and the absence of regular foot checks, which can contribute to use of inadequate footwear [ 11 ]. Also, López-López et al confirmed that incorrect shoe size has a significant negative impact on quality of life related to foot health in elderly individuals [ 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Aspects of Foot Health in Individuals with Alzheimer’s Disease

López‐López

Grela-Fariña

Losa‐Iglesias

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) shows a marked presence of physiologic changes and the start or aggravation of underlying diseases such as physical frailty in diverse anatomical regions. It is believed to have a particularly harmful effect on the health of the foot. We examined the foot health status in older persons with AD, with a specific focus on the extent to which people with AD may be using inadequate footwear in old age. Seventy-three community-dwelling people with probable, mild to moderate AD aged 65–95 years were recruited from a center of excellence for AD. A single trained physician evaluated health status and foot conditions. Current shoe and foot length and width measurements were taken using a calibrated Brannock device. The results indicate that sixty-five participants (89.04%) suffered from feet problems. Also, only twenty-two subjects (30.14%) used the correct shoes in width and size related with the morphology of their feet. Fifty-one participants (69.86%) were using incorrect shoes in length or width. The present study revealed that peoples with AD had a high presence of foot health problems. Also, the use of inappropriate shoes revealed measurable differences of association between shoe size and the morphology of the foot.

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“…Heel fit is correlated with exercise tolerance as measured with the shuttle walk test [29]. Subjects with properly fitting shoes experienced reduced pain, higher QoL related to foot health and general health, better foot function and better social function, as measured by the Foot Health Status Questionaire [30].…”

Section: Fit Quality Of Life Foot Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Detailed fitting guidance and custom insoles resulted in improved health-related QoL, including mental and physical aspects, in elderly women [30]. Shoe fitting, though, is complicated by the fact that dimensions can differ between the left and right foot.…”

Section: Fit Quality Of Life Foot Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shoe design for older adults: Evidence from a systematic review on the elements of optimal footwear

et al. 2019

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Due to changes in foot morphology and the occurrence of foot deformities and foot pain with ageing, older people frequently wear ill-fitting shoes. This can lead to discomfort and reduced mobility. A review of the literature was performed in Medline, Scopus and Embase with three aims: (a) to evaluate the effects of shoes or shoe elements on the comfort and mobility of older adults, (b) to summarise the evidencebased elements of a safe and comfortable shoe for older adults, and (c) from that, to compile those elements into design recommendations for a safe and comfortable shoe for older adults. Safe elements of footwear include proper anatomical fit, a well-fitting toe box, limited heel height, a broad enough heel, a firm insole and midsole, an outsole with sufficient tread, bevelled heel, firm heel counter with snug fit, and an easy and effective closing mechanism. We conclude that there is a need for shoe design specifically aimed at the foot morphology and demands of older people. The shoe market should increase the availability of well-fitting shoes designed for the older foot and person. 1.1. Morphological changes Changes in foot morphology occur with ageing, [2-7], and might differ between men and women [5]. Older adults have a lower medial foot arch but an increased circumference of the forefoot, ankle and instep [2]. For the same foot length, older men have larger foot parameters than women, including foot width, ball girth, upper arch, and toe depth [3]. Flat feet are more common in older women [8] and the first and fifth metatarsophalangeal angles are increased, which might be due to the higher prevalence of hallux valgus in women [4]. For older women, ball width, high instep circumference, and heel instep circumference also increase with age [5]. 1.2. Pain Many older adults are confronted with foot pain when wearing shoes [4,3,9-11]. This may be due to an increased prevalence of foot deformities, such as hallux valgus, mallet toes, hammer toes and claw toes [8]. Hallux valgus is related to the wearing of shoes with small toe boxes at age 20-39 years [12]. 1.3. Doffing and donning, i.e. getting in and out of shoes Ageing frequently leads to problems with doffing and donning, i.e. getting in and out of shoes [10]. Therefore, easy and effective closing mechanisms are usually preferred. 1.4. Ill-fitting shoes and safety aspects As a consequence of the afore-mentioned changes, older people often wear ill-fitting shoes [13,14] or resort to comfort shoes or slippers, especially in and around the home [9,10]. Unsafe or unsuitable shoes affect balance and gait, and might play

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Impact of shoe size in a sample of elderly individuals

Cited by 21 publications

References 19 publications

Incorrectly fitted footwear, foot pain and foot disorders: a systematic search and narrative review of the literature

Incorrectly fitted footwear, foot pain and foot disorders: a systematic search and narrative review of the literature

Clinical Aspects of Foot Health in Individuals with Alzheimer’s Disease

Shoe design for older adults: Evidence from a systematic review on the elements of optimal footwear

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