Bladder exstrophy

Abstract

SUMMARY Bladder exstrophy is a rare congenital anomaly resulting from failure of fusion of the middle of the pelvis line tissues during embryogenesis. It is characterized by malformation of the lower abdominal wall involving the genitourinary tract and the musculoskeletal system. Its incidence is estimated at 1:30,000 to 1:50,000 live births, and it is 2 or 3 times more frequent in males. The child’s age is important and the best results are obtained when treatment is performed shortly after birth.

Pregnancy in a woman with untreated bladder exstrophy: a case report

“…In addition, the presence of a placental abruption would have added progressive risk. Caesarean section was performed promptly at the onset of labour [ 3 ]. It was difficult to decide the position of the incision since the lower central abdomen was occupied by the exstrophic bladder.…”

“…Its most visible consequence is protrusion of the dorsal mucosal surface of the urinary bladder (trigone and ureteral orifices exposed) through a defect in the abdominal wall. The clinical presentation frequently will include other ventral fusion defects, including of the pubic symphysis, pelvic musculature and genitalia [ 2 , 3 ]. The function of the urinary and reproductive systems is often affected.…”