In situ protocol for the determination of dose-response effect of low-fluoride dentifrices on enamel remineralization

Abstract

No in situ protocol has assessed the dose-response effects of fluoride dentifrices involving low-fluoride formulations. ObjectiveTo assess the ability of an in situ remineralization model in determining dose-response effects of dentifrices containing low fluoride concentrations ([F]) on bovine enamel. Material and MethodsVolunteers wore palatal appliances containing demineralized enamel blocks and brushed their teeth and devices with the dentifrices supplied (double-blind, crossover protocol) separately for 3 and 7 days. Surface hardness (SH), integrated subsurface hardness (ΔKHN) and [F] in enamel were determined. Data were analyzed by ANOVA, Tukey's test and Pearson's correlation (p<0.05). ResultsDose-response relationships were verified between [F] in dentifrices and SH, ΔKHN and enamel [F]. Higher correlation coefficients between enamel [F] and SH and ΔKHN were obtained for the 3-day period. Significant differences in SH and ΔKHN were observed among all groups for the 3-day period, but not between 0-275, 275-550, and 550-1,100 µg F/g dentifrices for the 7-day period, nor between 3- and 7-day periods for the 1,100 µg F/g groups. ConclusionsConsidering that the peak remineralization capacity of the conventional dentifrice (1,100 µg F/g) was achieved in 3 days, this experimental period could be used in future studies assessing new dentifrice formulations, especially at low-fluoride concentrations.

Effect of Fluoride Toothpaste Containing Nano-Sized Sodium Hexametaphosphate on Enamel Remineralization: An in situ Study

“…Lesions induced with this model were shallow (∼50 µm; Fig. 4a), being able to observe enamel remineralization in a shorter time (compared with deeper lesions) as well as a dose-response relationship [Afonso et al, 2013]. It is desirable that a product has the ability to remineralize a mineral loss in a short time, especially when there is high frequency of exposure to sucrose.…”

“…Thus, the null hypothesis was rejected. The short-term in situ model used was based on previous studies [Afonso et al, 2013;Danelon et al, 2015] and allows comparing the formulations regarding their potential to boost the remineralization of artificial caries lesions. Lesions induced with this model were shallow (∼50 µm; Fig.…”

Remineralizing Potential of a Low Fluoride Toothpaste with Sodium Trimetaphosphate: An in situ Study

“…As the TMPcontaining toothpaste presented a higher remineralization effect when compared to its counterpart without TMP, the null hypothesis was rejected. The short-term in situ model used was based on the study by Afonso et al [2013] and was chosen to compare the formulations regarding their potential to boost remineralization of incipient caries lesions, given that longer periods would be more related to the remineralizing effect of salivary ions rather than to the treatments. A dose-response relationship between fluoride content in the toothpastes and their effects on enamel was observed, thus validating the model used.…”

“…1 c) . The treatments with the toothpastes were performed 3×/day, during the volunteers' habitual oral hygiene routine [Afonso et al, 2013]. The volunteers were instructed to wear their appliances all day, except when drinking or eating, and to brush their teeth with the appliance inside the mouth, using the toothbrush provided.…”

A Novel Biomimetic Approach to Repair Enamel Cracks/Carious Damages and to Reseal Dentinal Tubules by Amorphous Polyphosphate

“…Those components are frequently supplemented to commercially available toothpastes/dentifrices [29]. The results summarized in the present study show that the a-polyP-containing toothpaste efficiently repairs cracks in the enamel, reseals dentinal tubules of the dentin and finally efficiently inhibits growth of S. mutans; therefore we termed this formula "dentoReseal™" [abbreviated "dRs"].…”