Hydro-physical characterization of soils under the Restinga Forest

Cooper, Miguel; Boschi, Raquel Stucchi; Silva, Laura Fernanda Simões da; Toma, Raul Shiso; Vidal‐Torrado, Pablo

doi:10.1590/1678-992x-2016-0103

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The resulting K s values estimated by the six slug‐in and slug‐out attempts ranged from 1.18 × 10 −4 to 6.96 × 10 −4 m s −1 , which encompasses the results obtained by inverse calibration from the CRNS as well as from the TDR data. The slug test results thus confirmed the consistency of the inversely calibrated K s values, matching the soil hydrological characteristics of high permeability in medium clean sand (Cooper et al., 2017; Ishida et al., 2014).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 74%

Dynamic groundwater recharge simulations based on cosmic‐ray neutron sensing in a tropical wet experimental basin

Barbosa

Coelho

Scheiffele

et al. 2021

Vadose Zone Journal

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Although cosmic-ray neutron sensing (CRNS) is probably the most promising noninvasive proximal soil moisture measurement technique at the field scale, its application for hydrological simulations remains underexplored in the literature so far. This study assessed the use of CRNS to inversely calibrate soil hydraulic parameters at the intermediate field scale to simulate the groundwater recharge rates at a daily timescale. The study was conducted for two contrasting hydrological years at the Guaraíra experimental basin, Brazil, a 5.84-kmš, a tropical wet and rather flat landscape covered by secondary Atlantic forest. As a consequence of the low altitude and proximity to the equator low neutron count rates could be expected, reducing the precision of CRNS while constituting unexplored and challenging conditions for CRNS applications. Inverse calibration for groundwater recharge rates was used based on CRNS or pointscale soil moisture data. The CRNS-derived retention curve and saturated hydraulic conductivity were consistent with the literature and locally performed slug tests. Simulated groundwater recharge rates ranged from 60 to 470 mm yr -1 , corresponding to 5 and 29% of rainfall, and correlated well with estimates based on water table fluctuations. In contrast, the estimated results based on inversive point-scale datasets were not in alignment with measured water table fluctuations. The better performance of CRNS-based estimations of field-scale hydrological variables, especially groundwater recharge, demonstrated its clear advantages over traditional invasive point-scale techniques. Finally, the study proved the ability of CRNS as practicable in low altitude, tropical wet areas, thus encouraging its adoption for water resources monitoring and management.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 74%

Dynamic groundwater recharge simulations based on cosmic‐ray neutron sensing in a tropical wet experimental basin

Barbosa

Coelho

Scheiffele

et al. 2021

Vadose Zone Journal

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“…Such conditions may exert a strong environmental filtering over the forest taxonomic composition, selecting species that are adapted to grow in soils poor in nutrients, and that have high aluminum tolerances (Britez et al 2002b(Britez et al , 2002a. Furthermore, the porous restinga soils result in low soil fertility and low water retention capacity (Cooper et al 2017), which may impose constraints on plant biomass productivity (Lambers et al 2008, Santiago-garcía et al 2019. In water limited conditions, plants exhibit more conservative strategies, such as small body size and low specific leaf area (Cornwell andAckerly 2009, Katabuchi et al 2012), and the production of thick and scleromorphic leaves with increased longevity (Wright et al 2004, Lambers et al 2008, as are typically found in restinga plant species (Mantuano et al 2006, De Aguiar-Dias et al 2012, Melo Júnior and Torres Boeger 2015, Pinedo et al 2016.…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…S2). Nutritional impoverishment toward the drier communities has been related to increased leaching of nutrients in well-drained soils of restinga plant communities (Lourenço, Jr. andCuzzuol 2009, Magnago et al 2010), as textural characteristics are highly associated with the retention of soil nutrients in restinga soils (Cooper et al 2017). Furthermore, we measured base saturation (BS) lower than 10 (Appendix S1.…”

Section: Variable Selection and Structural Equation Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drivers of plant traits and forest functional composition in coastal plant communities of the Atlantic Forest

Lourenço

Newman

Ventura

et al. 2019

Preprint

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The severe deforestation of Brazil's Atlantic Forest and increasing effects of climate change underscore the need to understand how tree species respond to climate and soil drivers. We studied 42 plots of coastal restinga forest, which is highly diverse and spans strong environmental gradients. We determined the forest physiognomy and functional composition, which are physical properties of a community that respond to climate and soil properties, to elucidate which factors drive community-level traits. To identify the most important environmental drivers of coastal Atlantic forest functional composition, we performed a forest inventory of all plants of diameter 5 cm and above. We collected wood samples and leaves from ~85% of the most abundant plant species and estimated height, aboveground biomass (AGB), and Lourenço, Jr. et al. Plant trait drivers in flooded forests 2 basal area of individual plants, and the community-weighted specific leaf area (SLA). In addition to plant traits, we measured water table depth and 25 physicochemical soil parameters. We then parameterized several models for different hypotheses relating the roles of nutrients and soil to tropical forest diversity and functioning, as represented by plant traits. Hypotheses were formalized via generalized additive models and piecewise structural equation models. Water table depth, soil coarseness, potential acidity, sodium saturation index (SSI) and aluminum concentration were all components of the best models for AGB, height, basal area, and trait composition. Among the 25 environmental parameters measured, those related to water availability (water table depth and coarse sand), followed by potential acidity, SSI, and aluminum consistently emerged as the most important drivers of forest physiognomy and functional composition. Increases in water table depth, coarse sand, and soil concentration of aluminum negatively impacted all the measured functional traits, whereas SSI had a positive effect on AGB and plant height. These results suggest that sodium is not merely tolerated by Atlantic Forest restinga plant communities, but is important to their structure and functioning. Presence of aluminum in the soil had a complex relationship to overall basal area, possibly mediated by soil organic matter.

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“…Restinga is characterized by high variation in soil properties and water availability over short geographic distances. In Brazil’s Atlantic Forest, the dramatic shift in restinga physiognomy has been attributed to several environmental variables (Marques et al 2015), among which are soil fertility (Lourenço Junior and Cuzzuol 2009), salinity (Lourenço et al 2013), organic matter, aluminum saturation (Rodrigues et al 2013), soil texture, and water table depth (Cooper et al 2017). It has been suggested that water table depth and microtopography (fine‐scale variation in soil relief, creating valley regions with wet soils and higher sites with dry soils) may be the most important variable driving restinga forest structure and plant functional traits (here defined as “any trait which impacts fitness indirectly via its effects on growth, reproduction and survival”; Violle et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil‐associated drivers of plant traits and functional composition in Atlantic Forest coastal tree communities

Lourenço

Newman

Ventura³

et al. 2021

Ecosphere

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The severe deforestation of Brazil's Atlantic Forest and the increasing effects of climate change underscore the need to understand how tree species respond to climate and edaphic factors. To identify the most important environmental drivers of coastal Atlantic Forest diversity and functional composition, we studied 42 plots of coastal Atlantic Forest (restinga), which has a high diversity of plant communities and spans strong environmental gradients. We examined how forest physiognomy and functional composition respond to changes in the environment, hydraulic, and soil properties. We tested different hypotheses relating the roles of nutrients and soil water availability in driving shifts in tropical forest diversity and functioning. We collected wood samples and leaves from~85% of the plant species identified in the forest inventory and estimated the community-weighted tree height, aboveground biomass, basal area of individual plants, specific leaf area, wood density, and the total tree biomass per community by the sum of all trees' aboveground biomass per plot. We measured water table depth and 24 physicochemical soil parameters. Hypotheses relating to these factors were formalized via both generalized additive models and piecewise structural equation models and null models of community assembly. Increasing drought, as reflected by increasing water table depth, coarse sand, and soil concentration of aluminum (>6 cmol/kg), was found to be a primary driver of shifts in all measured functional traits. Water table depth was found to be the main environmental driver of restinga species diversity, but shifts in species richness were largely decoupled from functional richness and functional dispersion. Our results suggest that decreases in soil water availability are a central driver of local phenotype-environment matching and that increasing water limitation increases the role of environmental filtering on multiple traits. Our results show that drought leads to a strong convergence (standardized effect size < À1.95) in forest function and leads to shifts to smaller statured forest in particular. These findings reveal important differences in the drivers of forest structure and functioning, suggesting that changes in local spatial variation in soil and moisture variables will be a central issue in restinga management and conservation.

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Hydro-physical characterization of soils under the Restinga Forest

Cited by 12 publications

References 22 publications

Dynamic groundwater recharge simulations based on cosmic‐ray neutron sensing in a tropical wet experimental basin

Dynamic groundwater recharge simulations based on cosmic‐ray neutron sensing in a tropical wet experimental basin

Drivers of plant traits and forest functional composition in coastal plant communities of the Atlantic Forest

Soil‐associated drivers of plant traits and functional composition in Atlantic Forest coastal tree communities

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